摘要
目的探讨飞行人员长航时飞行中生理变化特点，观察心理疲劳对抗措施对长航时飞行心理疲劳的缓解作用。方法20名健康男性教-8飞行学员随机分为对照组和试验组，在教-8飞行模拟器上进行8h的长航时模拟飞行。试验组在飞行中的休息阶段采取放松措施，对照组休息阶段不采取任何措施。记录飞行学员模拟飞行过程中的心电信号，分析心率、心率变异性（heart rate variability，HRV）以及体动强度。结果模拟长航时飞行中，试验组的平均心率显著低于对照组（F-184．241，P-0．000），试验组休息时平均心率低于飞行时（F-17．564，P-0．000）；而对照组在飞行和休息时心率变化规律不明显（F-2．014，P-0．156）。对照组休息时较飞行时校正低频功率（low frequency normalized unit，LFnu）、低频高频比值（LF／HF）显著增加，校正高频功率（highfre-quency normalized unit，HFnu）显著降低。而试验组在休息时LFnu、HFnu、LF／HF指标与飞行时比较，仅第1次第有明显变化（P〈O．05）。对照组的体动强度在休息时显著高于飞行阶段，而试验组没有明显改变。结论地面模拟长航时飞行试验中，受试者的自主神经兴奋性因试验因素的变化存在明显的变化规律。从心率变化分析，地面模拟长航时飞行属于单位时问内低负荷持续作业的试验模型。在飞行中的休息阶段实施放松措施能有效缓解受试者的焦虑、烦躁情绪。HRV频域指标中，LFnu、HFnu、LF／HF可作为评价情绪负荷较为敏感的指标。
Objective To investigate the effects of 8-h simulated flight on physiological indicesof flying cadets and evaluate the effectiveness of mental fatigue countermeasures for long haul flight. Methods Twenty healthy male military flying cadets were randomly divided into control group and test group. Eight-hour flight was performed on JL-8 flight simulator. Mental fatigue countermeasure was only used in test group. ECG was recorded and heart rate （HR）, heart rate variability （HRV） and body motion intensity were analyzed. Results During 8-h simulated flight, mean HR of test group was lower than that of control group （F= 184. 241, P= 0. 000）. As compared with flight stage, HR of test group was lower than that at rest stage （F=17. 564, P=0. 000）, while there was no significant difference of HR in control group between rest and flight stage （F= 2. 014, P=0. 156）. As compared with flight stage, low frequency normalized unit （LFnu） component and the ratio of LF and HF of control group in flight stage increased significantly, while high frequency normalized unit （HFnu） component decreased significantly at rest stage. The change of body motion intensity was similar to LFnu. Conclusions The mental t atigue countermeasure presented in this study is effective for countering mental fatigue. Further investigation is suggested and integration with other flight fatigue countermeasures will hopefully to help pilot releasing long haul flight fatigue and ensure airsafety.
出处
《中华航空航天医学杂志》
CSCD
2011年第3期163-167,共5页
Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine
关键词
模拟飞行
心率
心率变异性
工作负荷量
评价研究
Simulated flight
Heart rate
Heart rate variability
Workload
Evaluation studies
