摘要
儿童、青少年时期是人生中最为重要的生长发育阶段，人体的各个器官系统都发生了巨大的变化。人体形态也随之发生快速变化，对其形态特征的研究可以为指导体育教学和适宜健身器械的开发提供依据。共计测量了7～18岁儿童、青少年25个身体形态指标，分为长度、宽度、围度等方面指标，通过对25个指标数据进行聚类分析，显示7～18岁的儿童、青少年身体形态指标的平均数变化趋势遵循“向心律”规律，女生生长发育提前于男生，但都遵循“先快后慢”的趋势，其增长最快的年龄段基本一致，出现在7～14岁阶段。通过对各年龄组男、女生身体形态指标平均数差值的聚类分析，提示较为适合的以形态差异为依据的性别年龄分组应该是：7～9岁年龄组（无性别差异）；10～12岁年龄组（无性别差异）；13～15岁年龄组女生；13～15岁年龄组男生；16～18岁年龄组女生；16～18岁年龄组男生。
Childhood and adolescence are the most important period of growth and development in life, which multiple system organs have the significant changes. Human body morphological characteristics display the important changes in this period. In this study, 2 5 human body morphological indexes, such as length, width and girth, were chose in children and youngsters （from 7 to 18 years old）. The cluster analysis was used to these morphological indexes which showed that the growth followed centripetal pattern and the girl growth more early than the boy＇s. The peak growth period was from 7 to 14 years old. The cluster analysis of the difference of the morphological index means indicated that gender-age classes should be 7 ～ 9 years old age group （ no gender differences）, 10 ～ 12 years old age group （ no gender differences）, girls 13 ～ 15 years old age group, boys 13 ～ 15 years old age group, girls 16 ～ 18 years old age group and boys 16 ～ 18 years old age group.
出处
《中国体育科技》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第6期127-130,共4页
China Sport Science and Technology
基金
国家科技支撑计划课题(2009BAK62B06)
关键词
身体形态
儿童
青少年
增长特征
年龄段划分
body morphological
children
youngsters,growth characteristics
age group division
