摘要
土层厚度是影响坡面水文过程的决定性因素之一。通过野外模拟降雨试验(设计雨强60 mm/h),在小区尺度上研究了一个完整坡面上典型土层厚度紫色土坡耕地坡面产流机制。结果表明:对于地表径流,土层厚度为23 cm小区表现为饱和产流,而土层厚度为45 cm和76 cm小区均表现为超渗产流;对于壤中流,土层厚度为76 cm小区以基质流为主,而土层厚度为23 cm小区则表现出明显的优先流特征,45 cm小区则在A层以基质流为主,在AC层以优先流为主。不同厚度紫色土坡面水文土壤学性质的差异是导致小区间水文过程不同的主要原因。
Soil thickness is one of the most important factors determining the hydrological process on hillslopes.Using a portable rainfall simulator,file experiments were conducted on three sloped land sites along a hillslope to investigate the mechanism of runoff generation under artificial rainfall intensities of 60 mm/h.The sites contain purple soil with different depths（23 cm,45 cm,and 76 cm）.The results show that saturation excess runoff contributes a large portion of overland flow on the 23 cm soil site;it is in contrast with the domination of infiltration excess runoff generation found on other two sites.As for interflow,preferential flow is generated from the 23 cm soil site,while matrix flow dominates in the 76 cm soil site;two types of interflow zones are observed on the 45 cm soil site.And preferential flow is generated in upper soil horizon AC,while lower soil horizon A contains mainly matrix flow.The experiments reveal that the thickness of soil horizons and their hydrogeological properties play major roles in runoff generations.
出处
《水科学进展》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第5期680-688,共9页
Advances in Water Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40930529
41171223)~~
关键词
土层厚度
紫色土
壤中流
优先流
降雨产流关系
soil thickness
purple soil
subsurface flow
preferential flow
rainfall-runoff relationships
