摘要
青海省玉树县Ms7.1级地震不仅造成了玉树县及其周边一定范围内的房屋变形破坏,而且还引发了地质灾害、地貌景观损毁、含水层结构破坏及地下水流场发生变化、地表破裂、岩土体物性指标改变等地质环境破坏现象。野外调查分析表明:(1)玉树地震地质环境破坏现象的表现形式可分为包括崩塌、滑坡、泥石流和潜在不稳定斜坡等地质灾害,地震地表破裂,山体松动拉裂和振动压密裂缝等地裂缝,地震液化以及文物、地貌景观破坏;(2)从地质灾害空间分布特征着手,包括崩塌分布特征,滑坡分布特征,泥石流分布特征和潜在不稳定斜坡分布特征,分析论述玉树4.14地震地质作用对地质环境的影响程度,统计数据表明玉树4.14地震地质作用对地质环境的影响范围与发震断裂地表断裂长度及发震断裂上、下盘关系密切;(3)以地震断裂地表破裂结构面为线性参照物,结合地震地质作用对地质环境破坏表现形式在空间上的分布特征及密度将地质环境破坏程度划分为严重区,较严重区和一般区三级,借以寻求拟定相应有效的地震地质作用下地震灾区地质灾害应急排(调)查及治理工作范围和技术思想;(4)玉树地震活动带沿线古地震滑坡发育,且多呈抛撒状。通过对玉树地震地质作用对地质环境影响的综合分析,对制定抗震救灾工作方案及抗震加固措施具有重要参考意义。
On April 14,2010（4.14）,a Ms 7.1 earthquake happened in Yushu county,Qinghai province.It not only damaged many buildings in Yushu county and buildings in a certain scope of perimeter area,but also induced a series of geological environmental issues.These issues include triggering geological hazard,destroying geomorphol-ogy landscape,breaking formation of water-bearing stratum,changing the groundwater flow field,surface rupture,and changing the physical properties of rock-soil.A great deal of field investigations show that： firstly,the geological en-vironmental issues should be represented as collapses,landslides,debris flow and potentially unstable slopes,earth-quake surface ruptures,mountains cracks,and shaking compaction,earthquake liquefaction,and damages to cultural relics and geomorphologic landscapes;Secondly,this paper shows the features of geologic hazards distribution inclu-ding the spatial features of collapses,landslides,debris flows and potential unstable slopes,in order to analyze how the earthquake geologic influences on the geologic environment.And statistics show that the influence scopes of the4.14 earthquakes upon geologic environments has a close relationship with the length of the surface ruptures and the position of hanging wall and footwall;Thirdly,Taking structure surface of earthquake rupture as a reference,the de-stroying geologic environment can be divided into three parts： more serious area,serious area and general area.Such classification combines the features of geologic hazards distribution,for the purpose of making out correspondingly effective measurements and thoughts for administrating and investigating geologic hazards after earthquakes;Fourth-ly,there are many paleoearthquakes distributed along the earthquake fault zone.And most of them were thrown a-bout.Thereby,through the comprehensive analyses of the effects of Yushu earthquake upon the geologic environ-ment,relevant effective emergent measurements for inspection and examination are accordingly made in considera-tion
出处
《工程地质学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第5期685-696,共12页
Journal of Engineering Geology
