摘要
为探讨白蚁消化道形态品级差异及其系统学意义,对4个科8种白蚁兵蚁和工蚁的消化道进行比较形态学研究。结果表明:低等白蚁的兵蚁和(拟)工蚁形态较为相似,高等白蚁的兵蚁与工蚁局部特征存在明显差异。由低等到高等兵蚁和工蚁消化道各部分差异呈增多趋势。前、中、后肠占消化道的百分比在山林原白蚁Hodotermopsis sjoestedti Holmgren和截头堆砂白蚁Cryptotermes domesticus(Haviland)均无显著差异,其它白蚁兵蚁前肠占消化道百分比显著高于工蚁,中肠差异无明显趋势,工蚁后肠百分比显著高于兵蚁。以体长为协变量,对不同品级消化道总长差异进行协方差分析,结果基本一致,山林原白蚁和截头堆砂白蚁品级差异不显著,其余白蚁除短角球白蚁Globitermes brachycerastes Han外,工蚁消化道均显著(或近显著)长于兵蚁。
The gut morphology of soldier and worker castes of eight termite species belonging to four families was studied.Results show that the gut characteristics vary less between soldiers and workers（or pseudergates） in the lower termites.In higher termites,there are some distinct morphological variations between various gut structures of soldiers and workers.With evolution from primitive to derived termites,variations in gut morphology between soldiers and workers tend to be increase in number and significance.There are no significant differences in the proportion of different gut fragments possessed by the different castes of Hodotermopsis sjoestedti Holmgren and Cryptotermes domesticus（Haviland）.For other species,foregut percentages in most soldiers are significantly higher than in workers.Trends in the midgut are not detectable,but in the hindgut,most workers are more developed than soldiers.Taking body length as a covariate,the analysis of covariance revealed that the adjusted gut length in H.sjoestedti and C.domesticus is not significantly different between soldiers and workers.In the rest of the termite species,except for Globitermes brachycerastes Han,the gut length of workers is significantly（or nearly significantly） longer than in soldiers.
基金
中国科学院战略生物资源科技支撑体系运行专项(CZBZX-1)资助
关键词
等翅目
白蚁
兵蚁
工蚁
消化道
形态学差异
Isoptera
termite
soldier
worker
gut
morphological comparison
