摘要
以玉米品种郑单958为材料,通过施加外源有机酸的盆栽试验方法,设置了土壤中不施磷肥和有机酸(CKo)、仅施磷肥(CKP)、施柠檬酸(Tca)、施苹果酸(Tma)和施草酸(Toa)处理,研究外源有机酸对玉米生长过程中的磷素吸收及其生长发育的影响.结果显示:(1)3种外源有机酸均可显著提高土壤中速效磷含量和磷素利用效率,Tca、Tma和Toa处理玉米根际土壤的速效磷含量分别为CKo的2.25、1.96和2.04倍,且各处理间的磷素利用效率依次为:CKp>Tca>Tma>Toa>CKo.(2)在拔节期、抽雄期和成熟期,Tca处理玉米的磷素利用效率依次为CKo的1.16、1.05和1.04倍.(3)3种外源有机酸均可显著提高玉米根系体积和根系活力、单株玉米的氮磷钾的累积量、玉米的生物量及相对籽粒产量.研究表明,外源柠檬酸、苹果酸和草酸均可显著提高玉米根际土壤中固态磷的溶解,促进植株体内营养元素的累积,保证植物生长发育的需要,从而提高玉米的生物量和产量;并以外源柠檬酸处理对玉米磷吸收及其生长发育效果最好.
To study the effects of exogenous organic acids on phosphate uptake and growth of maize,we potted ＇Zhengdan 958＇（Zea mays L.）maize seedlings under four different soil content levels：No phosphate and organic acids add（CKo）,only add phosphate（CKp）,only add citric acid（Tca）,only add malic acid（Tma）,only add oxalic acid（Toa）.The results showed that：three organic acids increased the content of soil available phosphorus,the root volume and activity,the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in maize,phosphorus utilization efficiency,biomass and relative yield of corn.Among that,the available phosphorus of Tca,Tma and Toa is 2.25,1.96 and 2.04 times of CKo;and the phosphorus utilization efficiency of all treatments are CKpTcaTmaToaCKo.In jointing stage,tasseling stage and maturity stage,phosphorus utilization efficiency of Tca is 1.16,1.05 and 1.04 times of CKo.We can conclude that three exogenous organic acids can significantly improve the contents of dissolved solid-state phosphorus,and promote the accumulation of nutrient elements in plants,ensure the needs of the plant growth and development,which improve the biomass and yield of corn;The effects of Tca processing is the best in the P-uptake and growth of corn.
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第7期1376-1383,共8页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
关键词
玉米
有机酸
低磷
生长
maize
organic acids
low phosphorus
growth
