摘要
[目的]了解伤寒、副伤寒（简称伤寒）发病和病原学特征,为制订防治措施提供科学依据。[方法]对湘西州2003~2010年伤寒疫情资料和2005~2010年伤寒病原学监测资料进行分析。[结果]2003~2010年伤寒累计报告1 083例,无死亡,年均发病率为5.37/10万,各年发病率（/10万）分别为9.03、6.26、6.12、6.63、6.82、3.81、2.50、1.57（P〈0.01）。年均发病率（/10万）,吉首市为13.65,泸溪县为5.59,凤凰县为12.57,花垣县为3.95,保靖县为3.84,古丈县为1.93,永顺县为0.87,龙山县为1.83;男性为5.80,女性为4.93（P〈0.01）;0~4岁为3.21,5~24岁为6.57,25~44岁为5.70,45~64岁为4.59,≥65岁为2.47。1 083例病人中,农民占41.92%,学生占31.30%,其他占26.78%;5~10月发病的占65.37%。2006~2010年累计对160例伤寒临床诊断病例进行检测,从160份血样中检出甲型副伤寒沙门菌16株,从42份大便中检出乙型副伤寒沙门菌1株;466份疑似病例、963份重点人群、55份岀院病例标本和124份外环境水样均为阴性。[结论]2003~2010年湘西州伤寒发病率逐年下降,流行菌株是副伤寒沙门菌。
[Objeetive]To investigate the epidemiological situation of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in Xiangxi,so as to provide basis for the intervening measures. [Methods]Epidemiological study and laboratory test of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever,during 2003-2010 in Xiangxi were performed. [Results]1 083 cases were reported during 2003-2010. No death was reported, the total incidence was 5.37/10^2. The annual incidence （/10S）,during 2003-2010 was respectively 9.03,6.26,6.12,6.63,6.82,3.81,2.50 and 1.57（ P〈E0.01）.The average annual incidence （/10^2） was：Jishou,13.65; I.uxi, 5.59; Fenghuang, 12.57; Huayuan, 3.95; Baojing, 3.84; Guzhang, 1.93;Yongshun, 0.87; Longshan, 1.83; male 5.80,female 4.93 （ P 〈0.01） ;0 4 years old 3.21,5 24 years old 6.57,25-44 years old 5.70,45-6,1 years old 4.59,≥65 years old 2.47. Among the 1 083 cases,41.92% were farrners,3l. 30% were students and 26.78; were others. The mor- bidity from May to October was 65.37%. 160 eases were tested in laboratory,16 strains of S. paratyphi A and 1 strain of paratyphoid B were detected. No positive results were observed from suspected cases, focus groups, hospital cases and wa ter samples. [Conelusion]The incidence of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in Xiangxi decreases during 2003-2010 and the saimonella of paratyphoid is the major epidemiological strain.
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2011年第9期841-843,共3页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
伤寒和副伤寒
流行特征
病原
Typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever
Epidemiological characteristics
Pathogen
