摘要
目的分析闵行区2006-2010年疟疾疫情流行特征,为科学防治疟疾和消除疟疾目标提供依据。方法收集2006-2010年疟疾监测数据、疫情流行病学调查资料和全国疟疾监测点数据进行统计分析。结果 5年间闵行区共发生疟疾115例,平均发病率为0.62/10万,未出现疫情暴发和危重、死亡病例。各年发病率总体呈下降趋势,分别为1.66/10万、1.92/10万、1.54/10万、0.75/10万和0.32/10万。输入性病例是本地病例的9.45倍（104/11）,输入性病例以安徽籍病例为主,占81.73%（85/115）;疟疾复发病例占15.65%（18/115）;病原学分型以间日疟为主,占80.87%（93/115）,4例恶性疟均由境外感染引起;年龄分布以20~45岁青壮年为主,占57.39%;职业分布以民工和学生为主,分别占40.00%和20.00%;全区以及全国疟疾监测点＂三热＂病人疟原虫血检阳性数和阳性率均呈逐年下降趋势;疟疾监测点媒介监测显示：传疟媒介按蚊仍然存在,但密度不高。结论闵行区疟疾疫情已控制在较低水平,且总体呈下降趋势,近2年下降尤为明显,为2015年达到消除疟疾的目标和计划奠定了基础。但本地感染病例和传疟按蚊仍然存在,因此疟疾防制不可放松,应重点加强外省尤其是安徽籍和境外输入性疟疾病例的防制。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Minhang District, during 2006-2010, and to provide scientific evidence for malaria prevention and control, as well as eliminating program in 2015. Methods Monitoring data on malaria epidemics were collected and analyzed by epidemiologic studies. Results 115 cases of malaria were totally reported, with no death or critical patients. The total incidence rate was 0.62/100 000, and there was a decline trend, with 1.66/100 000, 1.92/100 000, 1.54/100 000, 0.75/100 000 and 0.32/100 000 each year respectively. There were 104 imported cases infected from abroad or other provinces, which was 9.45 fold as many as indigenous cases. Cases from Anhui Province was 85, which accounted 81.73% of imported cases. There were 18 relapsing cases, accounting 15.65 %. There were 4 falciparum malaria, all infected from abroad. Malaria cases primar- ily were youth-middle aged, students and migrant workers, accounting for 57.39 %, 40.00% and 20.00 % respectively. There was a decline trend of positive rate of plasmodium in fever cases year by year. Vectors of malaria surveillanceanopheles sinensis still existed in malaria surveillance spots. Conclusions The incidence rate of malaria is decreasing in these years. As there were still indigenous cases and Anopheles sinensis, we should strengthen control measures on imported malaria cases from abroad and Anhui Province.
出处
《中华疾病控制杂志》
CAS
2011年第9期795-798,共4页
Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention
关键词
疟疾
流行病学
人群监测
Malaria
Epidemiology
Population surveillance
