摘要
立国二百多年以来,美国已经逐步形成了一套内外结合的制约监督政府权力的机制。在国家机器内对政府官员实施监督的除了政府问责局以外,还有联邦检察长、特别检察官、督察长以及巡视官等。此外,美国社会的一些群体也从官僚体系的外部对政府官员实施监督,这些群体中较为突出的主要是新闻界和非营利组织。美国对政府官员实施监督有多管齐下、制度化和制约机构相对独立等三大特点。
Since its founding more than two hundred years ago, the United States of America has established a series of mechanisms of constraint combining both internal and external supervision. These include Government Accountability Office, the United States Attorney, Special Prosecutor, Inspector General, and Ombudsmen within the state apparatus. Moreover, a variety of groups, especially the news media and the non-profit organizations, also ex- ercise supervision over government officials from outside the state apparatus. The supervision over American state bureaucrats has several important features： a. the supervision is multi-dimensional; b. the supervision is institu- tionalized ; and c. the agencies of supervision are relatively independent. This has made it more difficult for the networks of informal organizations to interfere with constraint over government officials＇ behavior. ＂Ultimately, however, ethics must be a consistent priority for voters, not just a topic of discussion in the wake of scandal and not just an issue used to achieve political ends. ＂
出处
《广州大学学报（社会科学版）》
2011年第8期5-13,共9页
Journal of Guangzhou University:Social Science Edition
关键词
美国
廉政建设
官员监督
制约机制
the building of an honest government
the supervision of government officials
the mechanisms of constraint
