摘要
由布氏白粉菌小麦专化型引起的白粉病是最重要的小麦叶部病害之一。抗性资源和抗性基因的发掘对控制该病害起了重要作用。小种专化抗性基因的抗性水平较高,成为当前小麦生产上使用最为广泛的白粉病抗性基因。然而,这类抗性基因的广泛使用会导致菌系结构的改变,并产生新的毒性小种。因此,从大量小麦种质资源中鉴定新的、有效的白粉病抗性基因是一个长期的目标。为鉴定有效的白粉病抗源,通过苗期接种国内流行白粉菌生理小种E09,来评价258份国内小麦农家品种和42份小麦近缘种的抗性。结果表明,有5份农家品种和20份小麦近缘种对E09表现免疫、近免疫或高抗。这25份抗源被用来进一步接种另外5个不同的国内生理小种E03、E05、E18、E20和E23,以推知它们所携带的未知抗性基因。通过与28个已知白粉病抗性基因的抗谱进行比较发现,这25份小麦种质的抗性基因不同于Pm1a、Pm2、Pm3a、Pm3b、Pm3c、Pm3d、Pm3e、Pm3f、Pm4a、Pm4b、Pm4c、Pm5a、Pm6、Pm7、Pm8、Pm9、Pm17、Pm19、Pm24、Pm28和Pm33等21个已知抗性基因,但与Pm1c、Pm1e、Pm12、Pm13、Pm16、Pm20和Pm21等7个已知抗性基因仍需要进一步的区分。鉴于这25份抗源与上述7个已知抗性基因载体的来源不尽相同,因此,这些抗源很可能携带有未知的抗白粉病新基因,但还需用更多的白粉菌生理小种来鉴定。本研究旨在从小麦农家品种及其近缘种中发掘新的有效抗源,从而为抗白粉病新基因的发掘和有效利用奠定基础。
Powdery mildew is a major wheat（Triticum aestivum L.） foliar disease caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp tritici（Bgt）.The deployment of resistance resources including genes/alleles has been critical in controlling powdery mildew of wheat foliar dis-ease.In wheat cultivation,powdery mildew（Pm） resistant genes most commonly used at the present belong to the race-specific re-sistance genes with high resistance levels.However,the extensive use of these resistance genes have frequently changed the pathogen population and rapidly induced new virulent strains of the pathogen.It has therefore been a long-term objective to identify effective new Pm resistance genes from the vast wheat germplasm resources.To identify resources that are effectively resistant to powdery mildew,258 wheat landraces along with 42 wheat relatives were evaluated with E09 isolate of prevalent Chinese Bgt at seedling stage.The results showed that 5 of the 258 wheat landraces and 20 of the 42 wheat relatives were immune,nearly immune or highly resistant to E09.The above 25 wheat germplasms challenged with additional 5 different Chinese Bgt isolates（the E03,E05,E18,E20 and E23 isolates） to postulated the unknown Pm resistance genes/alleles.Comparison to the 28 known Pm resistance genes showed that the Pm resistant genes of the 25 wheat germplasms were completely different from the known 21 Pm resistance genes,Pm1a,Pm2,Pm3a,Pm3b,Pm3c,Pm3d,Pm3e,Pm3f,Pm4a,Pm4b,Pm4c,Pm5a,Pm6,Pm7,Pm8,Pm9,Pm17,Pm19,Pm24,Pm28 and Pm33.It was,however,not very distinguishable from Pm1c,Pm1e,Pm12,Pm13,Pm16,Pm20 and Pm21 resistance genes.The 25 wheat germplasms could carry new Pm resistance genes,whose sources were not only different from the others,but also carried 7 Pm resistance genes.This study explored effective new resistance resources of Chinese wheat landraces and their relatives which laid the basis for in-depth exploration and effective use of novel powdery mildew resistance genes.Despite this finding,more Bgt isolates would still need to be challenged to
出处
《中国生态农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第5期1210-1214,共5页
Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KSCX2-EW-J-5)资助
关键词
白粉病
小麦
农家品种
近缘种
生理小种
抗性基因
Powdery mildew
Wheat
Landrace
Relative
Chinese Bgt isolate
Resistance gene
