摘要
利用青海省同德县1961-2000年小型蒸发皿蒸发量资料,采用气候倾向率和Mann-Kendall非参数趋势检验法分析了同德蒸发量的变化趋势及引起蒸发量变化的因子。结果表明:同德1961-2000年40 a平均蒸发量呈显著增加趋势,气候倾向率为34.5 mm/10 a,四季蒸发量均呈增加趋势,但仅秋季蒸发量增加趋势显著。影响蒸发皿蒸发量的主要气候因子日照时数、平均气温呈现显著的上升趋势,平均相对湿度、降水量表现为下降趋势,平均风速变化微弱,平均日最低气温的升温速率(0.23℃/10 a)明显比平均日最高气温的升温速率(0.14℃/10 a)大,导致气温日较差减少(-0.10℃/10 a)。因此,同德地区平均气温、日照时数的显著上升,以及年平均相对湿度和降水量的明显下降,可能是年蒸发量显著上升的主要原因。
Using data of small evaporating dish transpiration rate in Tongde County,Qinghai Province 1961-2000 year,the change tendency of transpiration rate and the driving factors on transpiration rate in Tongde were analyzed by the methods of the climate tendency rate and the Mann-Kendall non-parameter tendency inspection.The result indicated：the average transpiration rate in Tongde increased obviously over the past 40 years,the climate tendency rate is 34.5 mm/10 a.The transpiration rates in four seasons increased,but only the autumn transpiration rate increased remarkably.The factors of sunshine hours and the average temperature influencing evaporaion rate are significant,the impacts of the average relative humidity,the precipitation on evaporaion rate declined trends,the average wind velocity change is little.Mean diurnal lowest temperature heating rate（0.23℃/10 a） is greater than mean diurnal temperature heating rate（0.14℃/10 a）,causing the temperature to reduces by-0.10℃/10 a.Therefore,remarkable rise of average temperature,sunshine hours,as well as decrease of the annual mean relative humidity and the precipitation are responsible for increase of the annual transpiration rate.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第4期203-206,210,共5页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
青海省气象局项目
关键词
三江源地区
蒸发量
变化特征
影响因子
Three river area
evaporation
change characteristic
influence factor
