摘要
为了深入认识参考作物蒸散对气候变化的响应,该文基于FAOPenman-Monteith公式研究了西北地区126个站点1961—2009年的生长季参考作物蒸散及其辐射项、动力项的时空变化特征,并对影响参考作物蒸散变化的主要因素进行了分析。结果表明:49年来,西北地区生长季参考作物蒸散显著下降,其变化趋势通过了95%的显著性检验;3个子气候区的气候差异导致各区参考作物蒸散的变化特征有所不同,西风带气候区明显下降,高原气候区和季风影响及其边缘区以波动为主。通过比较参考作物蒸散与各气象要素的偏相关系数绝对值的大小发现,风速作为辐射项和动力项的首要影响因子成为西北地区参考作物蒸散变化的主导因子,太阳辐射和气温次之。西风带气候区各要素对参考作物蒸散变化的贡献情况与全区一致;高原气候区的主要因子也是风速、太阳辐射和气温,但3者的作用基本相当;在季风影响及其边缘区,太阳辐射的作用最为突出,相对湿度的贡献超过了风速,与气温一起成为影响ET0变化的次要因子。
It is important to understand the effect of climate change on reference crop evapotranspiration. Based on the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation, the temporal-spatial variation characteristics of ET0 （reference crop evapotranspiration）, ETrad and ETaero and the possible causes of their changes were studied in growing season in Northwest China using a 49-year dataset. The results showed that ET0 decreased significantly in the whole study area due to the increasing trend of ETrad and the decreasing trend of ETaero. The yearly change trends of ET0 were more significant in the first region than in the other two regions because of their different climate characteristics. The absolute values of partial correlation coefficients between ET0 and four climate variables indicated that wind played the most important role in the changes of ET0 in Northwest China, followed by solar radiation and air temperature. The contributions of climate variables to ET0 in first region were similar to the whole region, while in second region the contributions of wind, solar radiation and air temperature were equivalent. The relative humidity showed larger contribution in third region than in the other two regions.
出处
《农业工程学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第8期77-83,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering
基金
科技部公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201006006)和(GYHY201006012)
江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划资助项目(CX10B_301Z)
