摘要
油田采出水的处理回用是一种必然的趋势。膜法处理技术可以解决传统水处理中存在的问题,有效地去除采出水中的油类、细菌、硬度,防止油层堵塞、结垢和外排水的环境污染,对于促进油气田可持续发展、水资源再利用和环境保护具有非常重要的意义。微滤、超滤和纳滤、反渗透膜技术在油田采出水处理中已有较多的应用研究。超滤在除油和除浊方面表现出极好的性能,出水水质可以达到低渗透油田注水标准。纳滤对采出水中二价离子的去除效果显著,出水可达到工农业用水标准或排放标准。近年来,生化-超滤的耦合处理工艺或膜生物反应器,以及微滤/超滤+纳滤/反渗透膜的集成膜技术在采出水处理方面的应用成为一种趋势,具有广阔的应用前景。
Membrane technology has been effectively used in removal of hydrocarbons,solids,bacteria,toxic materials and hardness from oilfield wastewater streams produced during oil and gas operations,transportation and storage.This paper reviews the application of membrane technology,including microfiltration(MF),ultra-filtration(UF),nano-filtration(NF) and reverse osmosis(RO),to oilfield wastewater treatment with stress on reuse,such as reinjection of the wastewater being treated by various membrane techniques.Integrated technologies are reviewed and introduced as well,inter alia,MBR of MF/UF as pretreatment combined with nano-filtration/RO,and integrated membrane system,which greatly enhance the treatment efficiency.
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第8期124-130,共7页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目资助(20976170)
国家"863"计划项目(2006AA09Z337)
关键词
油田采出水
微滤
超滤
纳滤
反渗透
膜生物反应器
集成膜技术
oilfield produced water
microfiltration(MF)
ultra-filtration(UF)
nanofiltration(NF)
reverse osmosis(RO)
integrated membrane system(IMS)