摘要
近年来随着我国经济的持续平稳快速发展,与之相伴随的碳排放总量持续攀升,中国也因此被推上世界碳减排的风口浪尖。为了明确中国碳排放的国际地位,本文从世界贸易格局视角对中国的碳排放现状进行了国际比较研究。首先分析研究了我国2007年面临的碳排放国际形势,继而对我国的出口贸易形势进行了国际比较,最后采用GDP比例法和类推法对我国商品出口隐含的碳排放进行了初步测算,并分析了剔除出口贸易影响后的我国碳排放情况。通过研究认为:①出口贸易对我国的碳排放总量影响巨大,我国的商品出口占GDP比例长期维持在20%以上,近几年高峰值超过36%;②在当前的世界贸易格局、国际分工体系下,采用"生产者责任体系"碳排放测算模式大大高估了中国的碳排放水平,中国的碳排放总量中有34-60%是为他国服务而产生;③中国在当前世界贸易格局和国际分工体系中的地位使得中国在目前的碳排放测算模式下必然"产生较高的碳排放;"④世界各国应该重新审视和正确认识中国的"高"碳排放形势,中国为世界各国提供商品服务而产生的碳排放不应该受到指责。
In recent years,carbon emission keeps rising with the steady and rapid development of China＇s economy,and some Western countries begin to blame China for carbon emission.In order to clarify the international status of China＇s carbon emission,this paper makes an international comparison of the current situation of China＇s carbon emission from the perspective of the world trade situation.It initiates in analyzing the international situation of carbon emission we faced in 2007,and it studies China＇s export trade situation and makes an international comparison.Finally,it calculates the carbon emission implied in commodity export with the GDP ratio method and the analogy method,as well as the real situation of China＇s carbon emission after eliminating the effect of export trade.According to the study,we hold that：①Export trade plays an important role in China＇s carbon emission.The proportion of commodity export in GDP has long been above 20%,and even reaches more than 36% in recent years.②China＇s carbon emission is greatly overestimated in the current world trade situation and international division system when measured with the current carbon emission evaluating mode of ＂the producer responsibility system＂,and as much as 34-60% of China＇s carbon emission emerged while serving other countries;③In the current world trade situation and international division system,China is fated to be a ＂high carbon emission＂ country with the current carbon emission evaluating mode;④China,which provides goods and services for other countries,should not be blamed for its carbon emission and the whole world should change their view of China＇s ＂high＂ carbon emission image.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第7期86-90,共5页
China Population,Resources and Environment
关键词
低碳发展
低碳经济
国际比较
世界贸易格局
low-carbon development
low-carbon economy
international comparison
world trade situation
