摘要
目的观察青年、老年股骨距的显微结构。方法取１８～３０岁青年男性及６０岁以上老年（性别不详）冷藏尸体股骨上段各６根，ＣＴ扫描后，由股骨距起点开始向远端做连续三层股骨截片，每层厚５ｍｍ，对股骨截片先做Ｘ线摄片，然后分别对其中的股骨距进行光镜和扫描电镜观察。结果在横截面上股骨距分为三个区域：股骨距近端为皮质骨，附着于股骨内侧皮质，主要功能是加强股骨颈根部；中部为疏松皮质骨；而到远端则为松质骨。中远端的主要功能是将髋部的压缩载荷传递到小转子下股骨内侧皮质，从而进一步减轻股骨颈的负担。老年股骨距可发生严重骨吸收，在松质骨区尤为严重。结论骨量减少、三维显微结构和超微结构的破坏可导致股骨距的力学性能和载荷传递能力下降。
Objective To observe foe microstructure of calcar femorale in young and old people andto investigate its clinical significance. Methods Twelve fresh cadaveric proximal femurs harvested from sixyoung(18~30 years) and six old (over 60 years) adults were used in this study. At first, CT scanning of allproximal femurs were taken. Secondly, the cross section of all calcar femorale were X - rayed and observedunder light microscope and scanning electron microscope. Results The calcar femorale can be divided intothree regions on the cross section. The structure of the medial region is conical bone which unites with medialcortex, and it mainly enhances the strength of the femoral neck. Its middle region is spongy conical bone andits lateral region has become trabecular bone. These two regions can transfer the compressive load that comefrom femoral head to the medial femoral cortex below the lesser trochanter, so they can disperse the load offemoral neck. Severe resorption can occur in the calcar femorale in old people, especially in the lateral region.Conclusion The destruction of three dimensional microstructure and ultra-microstructure of calcar femoralecan result in the decline of its mechanical competence and its ability of load transmission.
出处
《中华骨科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第7期393-396,共4页
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
