摘要
2009年在怀来、涿鹿和昌黎葡萄集中种植的乡镇按照"一县三镇三村五户"的原则和要求,发放跟踪调查问卷148份,调查果园施肥状况,以提高河北省葡萄主产区肥料利用率,实现养分资源的综合管理,指导农户科学施肥。结果表明:有机肥施用量变化差异较大,怀来74%的农户投入小于1 000kg/667m2,涿鹿88%的农户为4 000～5 000kg/667m2;葡萄主产区养分施用量过大,投入量为N 53.7～138.8kg/667m2,P2O527.8～45.7kg/667m2,K2O 23.8～71.3kg/667m2,氮磷钾养分比例不协调,钾比例偏低;施肥时期不恰当,整个生育期氮肥过多,磷钾肥不能及时供应。建议实现养分资源的综合管理,提高肥料养分的利用率;加强科学技术在葡萄施肥中的应用,研发生产葡萄专用肥。
In accordance with the principles of ＇One County, Three Town, Three Village, Five House＇, analyzed 148 farmer＇s stochastic questionnaire investigations about orchard fertilization conditions. In order to improve the eItmlency and achieve integrated management of nutrient resources further more guide farmers scientific fertilization in grape main planting ares of Hebei Province-Huailai, Changli and Zhuolu-an investigations was carry through in 2009. The results showed that there was great difference in organic fertilizer with 74% farmers less than 1 000 kg/667m^2 in Huailai instead of 88% farmers by 4 000-5 000 kg/667m^2 in Zhuolu. The average application rate of nitrogen,P20s and K2O was 53. 7-138. 8 kg/667m^2 ,27.8-45. 7 kg/667m^2 ,23.8-71.3 kg/667m^2 respectively,lack d coordination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio and application time was inappropriate. The nitrogen fertilizer was excessive in the growth. Phosphorus and potassium can not be timely supplied. It can be proposed that achieve integrated management of nutrient resources and improve the utilization of fertilizer, strengthen science and technology in fertilization of grape and produce grape specialty fertilizer.
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2011年第13期5-9,共5页
Northern Horticulture
基金
农业部公益性行业科研专项资助项目(200803030)
关键词
河北省
葡萄
施肥现状
Hebei province
grape
present situation of fertilizer application
