摘要
目的:观察鼻咽癌同期放化疗毒副反应对治疗的影响,并总结护理方法。方法:将98例中晚期鼻咽癌患者按治疗方式不同分为同期放化疗组和单纯放疗组。观察两组的疗效及毒副反应,根据不同的毒副反应采取相应的护理措施并观察其效果。结果:两组患者皮肤反应比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);口腔黏膜反应、消化道反应、血白细胞变化比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),但患者能耐受,两组均能按计划完成治疗。结论:对鼻咽癌患者行同期放化疗可有效地抑制肿瘤细胞在放疗后的加速再增殖,从而提高毒副反应比单纯放疗组大,给予积极的护理措施能减轻患者的心理压力和放、化疗毒副反应,在护理时尤其要加强口腔黏膜、消化道副反应及骨髓抑制毒副反应的观察与护理,使患者顺利完成治疗。
Objective： To observe the influence of toxicity and adverse reactions on the treatment effect in the treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer with chemotherapy and radiotherapy concurrently,and the nursing methods were summarized.Methods： 98 patients with middle-late nasopharyngeal cancer were divided into concurrent treatment group with chemotherapy and radiotherapy and single treatment group with radiotherapy according to the treatment methods.The efficacy,toxicity and adverse reactions were observed in both groups.The appropriate measures were taken in the light of different toxicity and adverse reactions and its effect was observed.Results： There was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of skin reactions between the two groups（P0.05）;the differences in the comparison of oral mucosa reaction,gastrointestinal reactions and changes in white blood cells were statistically significant between the two groups（P0.001）.Conclusion： The concurrent treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy applied to the patients with middle-late nasopharyngeal cancer can effectively inhibit the accelerated repopulation of tumor cells after radiotherapy so as to improve local control rate of tumor and reduce the incidence of distant metastasis,but the toxicity and adverse reactions is worse in the concurrent treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy than those in the single treatment with radiotherapy.The active implementation of nursing measures can alleviate the psychological stress of the patients and the toxicity and adverse reactions of chemotherapy and radiotherapy,especially the nursing care of oral mucosa,side effects of gastrointestine and side-effects inhibited by bone marrow,so that the patients could complete treatment smoothly.
关键词
鼻咽癌
放化疗
毒副反应
护理
Nasopharyngeal cancer
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy
Toxicity and adverse reactions
Nursing
