摘要
为阐明保水剂对不同生育阶段作物的生长及水分利用等的影响,选择小麦品种郑麦9694和矮抗58通过大田试验,研究了不同用量保水剂(0,30,60,90 kg/hm2)对2个冬小麦生长过程中各生育期阶段的群体变化、株高、叶面积、根冠比及与产量和水分利用效率等作用特征。结果表明:施用保水剂提高了各生育期冬小麦的总群体数、株高和叶面积,各项指标均高于对照。除90 kg/hm2处理外,均随其用量的增加群体数增加,尤其在拔节期和灌浆期,且郑麦9694的增加幅度较矮抗58高,特别是60 kg/hm2处理;株高表现为郑麦9694>矮抗58,且在孕穗期郑麦9694较矮抗58株高增幅大,而在拔节期和灌浆期,结果相反;郑麦9694在各生育期的叶面积均低于矮抗58,但保水的施用使其叶面积增幅较矮抗58大。各生育期的根冠比表现为:拔节期>孕穗期>灌浆期、收获期,且郑麦9694的根冠比均小于矮抗58。郑麦9694在拔节期各处理的根冠比均显著低于矮抗58,但随小麦生育期的推进,施用保水剂处理的根冠比差异减小。施用保水剂减少了小麦的总耗水量,提高了冬小麦产量、千粒重及水分利用效率,且郑麦9694千粒重和产量及水分利用效率(30 kg/hm2除外)高于矮抗58,且2个品种均以保水剂用量为60 kg/hm2时的效果较佳。
In order to verify the effect the characteristics of water-retaining agent（WRA） on crop growth and water use efficiency in different stages,the field trial,which researched the characteristics of group number,plant height,leaf area,root-shoot ratio,yield and water use efficiency（WUE） of different winter-wheat,such as Zhengmai9694 and Aikang58,after applying the WRA（0,30,60,90 kg/ha） during different growth stages.The results indicated： the WRA increased the total group number,plant height and leaf area in the various growth stages,which were higher than the control.In addition to 90 kg/ha of the WRA,the tiller number added with the increase of the WRA,especially in jointing stage and grain-filling stage,and the increase rate of Zhengmai9694 was higher than Aikang58,particularly the treatment with 60 kg/ha of the WRA.Plant height showed： Zhengmai9694 Aikang58,and the increase rate of Zhengmai9694 was higher than Aikang58,but it was reverse at jointing and filling stage.Leaf area of Zhengmai9694 in various growth stages were lower than Aikang58,but the increase rate of Zhengmai9694 was higher than Aikang58 after applying the WRA.Root-shoot ratio in different growth stage was as follows： jointing stagebooting stagegrain-filling stage,the harvest period,While,root-shoot ratio of Zhengmai9694 was higher compared with Aikang58.At jointing stage,the root-shoot ratio of different treatments of Zhengmai9694 were lower than that of Aikang58,but the difference of root-shoot ratio between the treatments with the WRA decreased with the growth stage of winter.During the whole growth period of winter-wheat,after the application of WRA,reducing evaporation of ineffective soil moisture,increasing winter-wheat yield,grain weight and water use efficiency（except 30 kg/ha）.The 1 000-grain weight,yield and WUE of the Zhengmai9694 were superior to the Aikang58,and the effect of the treatment with 60 kg/ha of the WRA on yield and WUE were better compared with other treatments in two types of winter-wheat.
出处
《华北农学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期173-178,共6页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica
基金
国家"863"节水农业项目(2006AA100215)
河南省重大公益性科研项目(081100911600)
河南省杰出青年基金项目(104100510024)
关键词
保水剂
冬小麦
根冠比
产量
水分利用效率
Water-retaining agent
Winter-wheat
Root-shoot ratio
Yield
WUE
