摘要
以决策理论和动机理论为指导,采用实验心理学的研究范式,通过接发球动机冲突框架效应的调查和贴近实战的3×3组混合实验,对少年乒乓球运动员的接发球动机冲突进行了研究。结果表明:用积极性语言表述接发球情景时,运动员表现出风险规避偏好;用消极性语言表述接发球情景时,运动员表现出风险寻求偏好,产生了接发球框架效应。同时,框架效应还存在个体差异。其次,趋避动机冲突影响接发球的主动性和攻击性,在比赛分领先时,避大于趋的接发球动机有利于提高接发球的主动性和攻击性;在比分落后时,趋大于避的接发球动机有利于提高接发球的攻击性等等。从而,为教练员和运动员在接发球动机冲突情景下的决策提供理论依据。
This research takes the decision theory and the motive theory as the instructions,using the experimental psychology research model,through investigating the motive conflict frame effects and experimentally studying the docking and the drawing achievements which are close to actual combat,thorough and comprehensively researched the motive conflict of the table tennis service return.Junior table tennis athletes were studied.the results showed that when expressed service return with a positive tone,athletes demonstrated risk aversion preferences.When expressed service return with a negative tone,athletes demonstrated risk seeking preference,service return framing effect appeared.At the same time,there are individual differences in service return framing effect.Secondly,approach-avoidance motivation affected the initiative and offensive of service return,when leading in the race,the motive to avoid risks is helpful to improve the imitativeness and offensive of service return.When lagging behind in the score,the motives of preferring risks will be helpful to improve the offensiveness and initiative and so on.Thus,the paper provided theoretical basis and theoretical guidance for the coaches and athletes to make risk decision and tactics in the service return motive conflict situation.
出处
《北京体育大学学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第6期117-121,共5页
Journal of Beijing Sport University
关键词
乒乓球运动员
决策理论
接发球
动机冲突
框架效应
绩效
table tennis athletes
decision-making theory
service return
motive conflict
framing effect
achievements
