摘要
以海河流域为研究对象,以农田总供水水分生产率(WUEa)和灌溉水分生产率(WUEi)为评价指标,运用对流域内典型灌区的调查资料,计算了海河流域主要作物冬小麦的用水效率并进行特征分析,得到了其水分生产率的分布和变化规律。结果表明,WUEa在田间尺度上均值为1.50 kg/m3、灌区尺度上均值为0.97 kg/m3,WUEi在田间尺度上均值为2.21 kg/m3、灌区尺度上均值为1.24 kg/m3,整体而言处于较高水平;水分生产率在空间分布上表现出南高北低的变化趋势;在海河流域现状供水条件下,冬小麦平均产量达到6 075 kg/hm2,随供水量的增大增幅较小,而水分生产率随供水量的增大而明显减小,为使冬小麦获得较高的水分生产率同时也使水资源在区域上得到更合理的分配,可适当降低冬小麦的农田供水量。
The paper analyzes the spatial distribution and the changing regularity of water use efficiency（WUE） of winter wheat on Haihe basin with the investigating data from the typical irrigation regions.The chosen water use efficiency indicators include total farmland water supply water use efficiency（WUEa） and irrigation water use efficiency（WUEi）.It shows： the WUEa is 1.50 kg/m3 at farmland scale and 0.97 kg/m3 at irrigation region scale,while WUEi achieves 2.21 kg/m3 and 1.24 kg/m3 at relevant scales.In general WUE of Haihe basin is at relatively high level compared with other regions in China.The spatial distribution of WUE is higher in the south part and lower in the north.In current conditions,the average yield of winter wheat reaches 6 075 kg/hm2.When increasing the amount of irrigation,average yield grows little but WUE gets evidently decreased.Therefore the total farmland water supply of winter wheat in Haihe basin can be appropriately reduced to achieve high WUE of winter wheat as well as receive more reasonable allocation of regional water resources.
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期6-11,共6页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
国家973计划项目(2010CB428802)
国家自然科学基金项目(51079101)
关键词
海河流域
冬小麦
农田总供水水分生产率
灌溉水分生产率
Haihe basin
winter wheat
total farmland water supply water use efficiency（WUEa）
irrigation water use efficiency（WUEi）
