摘要
目的研究农村改厕的卫生防病效果及对村民卫生意识和卫生行为的影响。方法按照整群随机抽样原则,选择100户在改厕前后进行现场调查和蝇密度监测;选择40户对改厕前后的自备井水和改厕后出口粪液进行监测。结果改厕后厕所、厨房、卧室、庭院的蝇密度比改厕前分别下降了63.96%、77.11%、86.96%和18.84%;自备井水中亚硝酸盐和粪大肠菌群的合格率改厕后分别为90%、20%,明显高于改厕前的65%、2.5%(P<0.05);户厕内的臭味、粪便暴露等情况在改厕后有所改善;农民对改厕与防病、粪便与疾病等相关卫生知识知晓率、饭前便后洗手、不喝生水等卫生行为形成率分别达到95%、94%、92%、93%,明显高于未改厕前的39%、59%、73%和61%(P<0.05)。结论改厕能减少粪便污染、改善环境、提高农民的卫生意识,养成好的卫生习惯。
Objectives To analyze the hazard free effect of improved latrines and its influence on villagers＇ health awareness and behaviors.Methods A total of 100 households were selected by cluster sampling to conduct field investigation and fly density monitoring before and after latrine improvement,and 40 households were selected to conduct well water quality monitoring before and after latrine improvement and feces hazard free monitoring after latrine improvement.Results by comparing the data before and after latrine improvement,the density of fly in latrines,kitchens,bedrooms and courtyards decreased by 63.96%,77.11%,86.96% and 18.84% respectively.The qualified rate of nitrite and fecal coliforms in well water after latrine improvement reached 90% and 20% respectively,which were significantly higher than those before latrine improvement（65% and 2.5%）（P0.05）.Bad smell and fecal exposure in houses were reduced.The awareness rates of relationship between latrine improvement and disease prevention,feces and diseases among the farmers reached 95% and 94%,the formation rate of health behaviors of washing hands before meal and after excreting and drinking boiled water reached 92% and 93%,which were significantly higher than those before latrine improvement（39%,59%,73% and 61%）（P0.05）.Conclusion Latrine improvement can reduce fecal pollution and protect environmental sanitation,improve farmers＇ health awareness and facilitate the farmation of their health behavior.
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2011年第6期453-456,共4页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
基金
2009年中央补助地方农村改厕项目
关键词
改厕
无害化
效果评价
latrine improvement
hazard-free treatment
effect evaluation
