摘要
目的 观察盐酸右美托咪啶对全麻气管拔管时心血管反应的预防作用。方法 全麻行胃肠道手术的患者100例,性别不限,ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级,年龄30岁-60岁;体重(kg)在标准体重±20%,采用随机数字表法将患者为2组(每组50例):丙泊酚组(P组)和盐酸右美托咪啶组(D组)。术毕患者转入麻醉后恢复室,P组靶控输注丙泊酚,血浆靶浓度设定为1mg/L,D组静注盐酸右美托咪啶负荷与维持剂量分别为0.5μg/kg(10min注射完毕)、0.5μg·kg^-1·h^-1,两组均于自主呼吸恢复时停药。记录术前(T0)、转入麻醉后恢复室即刻(T1)、给药后10min(T2)、自主呼吸恢复(T4管时(T4)、拔管后10min(T5)的血压(BP)、心率(HR)和咳嗽反应情况。记录呼气末麻醉药浓度,自主呼吸恢复时间、呼唤睁眼时间、拔管时间、视觉模拟评分和副作用情况。结果 D组,收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)和HR在T4分别为(124±15)、(79±11)、(74±10)mmHg(1mmHg-O.133kPa);P组为(143±21)、(87±13)、(93±8)mmHg(P〈0.05)。D组,SBP、DBP和HR在T5,分别为(120±14)、(75±8)、(75±9)mmHg;P组为(128±22)、(80±12)、(83±10)mmHg(P〈O.05)。D组,自主呼吸恢复时间和呼唤睁眼时间分别为(4±3)、(4±4)min,P组为(6±5)、(8±5)min(P〈0.05)。拔管时D组发生重度咳嗽3例,P组23例(p<O.05)。拔管后D组视觉模拟评分为(3.6±2.0),P组为(5.5±3.1)(尺O.05)。与T0比较,P组SBP、DBP在T4分别为(143±21)、(87±13)mmHg(P〈O.05);HR在T4和T5分别为(93±8)、(83±10)次/分(p〈0.05)。结论 盐酸右美托咪啶能有效预防全麻拔管时的心血管反应,提高拔管质量。
Objective To observe the effects of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride on cardiovascular response to tracheal extubation. Methods One hundred ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients regardless of sex aged 30 yr -60 yr with a standard body weight±20% scheduled for gastrointestinal surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=50): propofol group(group P) and dexmedetomidine hydrochloride group (group D ). Patients were transported into the postanesthetic recovery room after surgery. Patients in group P were maintained with propofol with a plasma target concentration at 1 mg/L. Patients in group D were injected loading dose and maintenance dose of dexmedetomidine hydrochloride at the rate of 0.5μg/kg (10 in infusion) and 0.5μg.kg^-1.h^-l, respectively. All infusions were discontinued when patients of both groups restored spontaneous breathing. BP, HR, and cough response were recorded at preoperative period (To), immediately transportd into postanesthetic recovery room (T1), 10 mins after administration (T2), spontaneous breathing (T3),extubation (T4), 10 mins after extubation (T5). End-tidal anesthetic concentration, spontaneous breathing time, eyes open time given stimulation, extubation time, visual analog score and side effects were recorded. Results SBP, DBP and HR at T4 were respectively (124±15), (79±11), (74±10) mm Hg( 1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) in group D. SBP, DBP and HR at T4 were respectively( 143±21 ), (87±13), (93±8) mm Hg(P〈0.05 ). SBP, DBP and HR at Ts were respectively (120±13.5), (75±8), (75±9) mm Hg in group D. DBP and HR were respectively (128±22), (80±12), (83±10) mm Hg (P〈O.05). Spontaneous breathing and eyes open time was (4±3), (4±4) min in group D, which were (6±5), (8±5) min in group P (P〈0.05). The cough response was 3 case in group D, which was 23 case in group P (P〈O.O5).VAS score were (3.6±2.0) in group D, which were(5.5±3.1 ) in
出处
《国际麻醉学与复苏杂志》
CAS
2011年第3期269-272,共4页
International Journal of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation
关键词
盐酸右美托咪啶
气管拔管
咳嗽
心血管副作用
Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride
Extubation
Cough
Adverse cardiovascular response