摘要
【目的】研究大蒜根系分泌物对同属作物的抑制作用,为解决大蒜连作障碍提供理论依据。【方法】应用组织培养技术,在无菌条件下研究大蒜根系分泌物对同属作物大葱、洋葱和韭菜的毒害作用。【结果】大蒜根系分泌物对3种同属作物的发芽率、平均发芽时间、胚芽和胚根长、胚芽和胚根鲜重均有不同程度抑制,且抑制率随着大蒜根系分泌物浓度的增大而加大,最大抑制率分别达到51.72%、48.20%、51.57%、51.57%、82.14%和82.29%。大蒜根系分泌物对受试作物根系活力均有抑制作用,除大葱和洋葱较低浓度的T1处理外,其它处理与对照差异均达极显著水平,韭菜的根系活力对大蒜根系分泌物的响应比较敏感,T1处理与对照间的差异也达到极显著水平。用气相色谱/质谱联用仪(GC-MS)从大蒜根系分泌物中鉴定出主要物质:2,2'-亚甲基双(4-甲基-6-叔丁基基)苯酚、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、花生酸、阿魏酸、9-十六烯酸、肉豆蔻酸、二烯丙基二硫化物等,其中阿魏酸和肉豆蔻酸已被认定为生长抑制物质。【结论】大蒜根系分泌物对同属作物具有抑制作用。因此,可以间接判定大蒜连作条件下田间根系分泌物逐年累积后产生的自毒作用,可能是导致大蒜发生连作障碍的重要原因。
【Objective】In order to provide a theoretical basis for solving cropping obstacles of garlic,the inhibition of garlic root exudates on the genus Allium was studied.【Method】In order to avoid interferences from external factors,this paper studied the autotoxicity of garlic root exudates on welsh onion,onion and Chinese leek scallion,by using tissue culture under sterilized condition.【Result】Garlic and receptor crops,such as welsh onion,onion and Chinese leek,are belong to the genus Allium.Root exudates of garlic could inhibit the germination and growth of receptor crops,the inhibitory degree increased progressively and significantly with increasing root exudates concentrations of garlic,and the maximal inhibition rates of germination rate,mean time to germination,embryo and radicle length,embryo and embryo fresh weight were 51.72%,48.20%,51.57%,51.57%,82.14% and 82.29%,respectively.Garlic root exudates decreased root activity of receptor crops,and significant differences were observed except the lowest concentrations（T1） on welsh onion and onion,compared to control.Compounds involved in the garlic root exudates were isolated and identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometer（GC-MS）,including 2,2′-methylenebis[6-（1,1-dimethylethyl）-4-methyl-Phenol,mono（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate,eicosanoic acid,ferulic acid,9-hexadecenoic acid,tetradecanoic acid,diallyl disulphide,etc.,ferulic acid and myristic acid which had been identified as growth inhibitory substances.【Conclusion】The germination and growth of receptor crops were inhibited by garlic root exudates,which were released to field year by year and could lead to garlic continuous cropping obstacles.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第12期2625-2632,共8页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903018)
农业部“948”滚动项目(2003T-14)
关键词
大蒜
根系分泌物
同属作物
抑制作用
garlic
root exudates
the same genus crop
inhibition effect
