摘要
【目的】了解上海市10-11岁小学生的贫血状况及其影响因素,提出改进措施。【方法】采用分级整群随机抽样,按照＂区-学校-年级＂的抽样技术路线,在上海市逐级抽取样本。共10个区,每个区1所小学,每所学校抽取5年级全部学生进行调查。最终对1 675名10-11岁学生进行了问卷调查和贫血筛检。【结果】上海市10-11岁小学生贫血患病率为2.7%（男2.5%、女3.0%）。男女之间贫血患病率差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.080,P=0.583）,市区和郊区贫血发生率差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.969,P=0.026）。父亲经常吸烟学生贫血患病率高于父亲未经常吸烟学生贫血患病率,差异有统计学意义（χ2=5.359,P=0.021）。多因素Logistic分析其影响因素为食欲差、其父亲经常吸烟、非市区。【结论】贫血问题在上海市小学生中依然存在,应在小学及家长中全面开展有关营养与饮食卫生的健康教育,为其创造良好的生活学习环境。
【Objective】 To assess current anemia prevalence and related factors of students aged 10~11 years in primary schools of Shanghai.【Methods】 Using multi-stage cluster sampling,the sample was selected in accordance with the ＂District-School-Grade＂ line of the sampling technique in shanghai.A total of 10 primary schools from 10 districts were selected.In each primary school,all the students of Grade 5 were selected.Finally,1 675 children aged 10~11 years were investigated by using health questionnaire survey and anemia screening according to WHO criteria.Logistic regression and correlate analysis were used to study the risk factors.【Results】 The rate of anemia was 2.7%（2.5% in male,3.0% in female）.There was no significant difference between the prevalence of anemia in boys and that in girls（χ2=1.080,P=0.583）.There was statistically significant difference between the prevalence rate of anemia in urban students and that in non-urban students,the prevalence of anemia in group of non-urban students was higher（χ2=4.969,P=0.026）.There were statistically significant difference between the prevalence rate of anemia in students whose father often smoked and that of children whose father did not,the prevalence rate of anemia in students whose father often smoked was higher（χ2=5.359,P=0.021）.It was revealed by Logistic regression analysis that the risk factors of anemia were poor appetite,students whose father often smoked and students from non-urban districts.【Conclusions】 Anemia exist among students aged 10~11 years in Shanghai.It is necessary to provide healthy knowledge to children and their parents,providing good environment for the children.
出处
《中国儿童保健杂志》
CAS
2011年第6期549-552,共4页
Chinese Journal of Child Health Care
基金
科技部973培育计划(2010CB535000)
国家自然科学基金(30500410)
上海市科委启明星人才培养计划(10QA1404800)
上海市环境与儿童健康重点实验室(10DZ2272200
09DZ2200900)
