摘要
鄂尔多斯遗鸥自然保护区属于典型的半干旱区高原内陆湖泊湿地,地下水是其重要水源之一。本文以遗鸥湿地所在的泊江海子流域为研究对象,系统分析了地层岩性、含水系统及富水性、地下水流场特征、地下水水化学特征等基础水文地质条件,并计算了地下水系统的水均衡。结果表明:泊江海子流域主要有松散岩类孔隙含水层和碎屑岩类孔隙裂隙含水层,松散岩类孔隙地下水严格受闭流盆地地形条件控制;碎屑岩类孔隙裂隙地下水主要受区域地形及水文系统控制;大气降水补给和侧向径流补给是泊江海子流域地下水的主要补给源,两者约占总补给量的85%,而潜水蒸发和人工开采是地下水的主要排泄方式,约占整个系统排泄量的89%,1996年-2005年,泊江海子流域地下水总的年均补给量为6358.9×104m3/a,总排泄量为7418.2×104m3/a,地下水均衡差为-1059.3×104m3/a;桃-阿海子接受的地下水补给量约为142.5×104m3/a,占桃-阿海子湖泊总补给量的22%,是桃-阿海子湖泊的一个重要的补给来源。
The Ordos Larus Relictus Nature Reserve Wetland is a typical lake wetland ecosystem in semi-desert plateau regions in China. It is the world＇s No. 1148 on the international recognized wetland list and it is so far the only wetland of international importance to protect Larus Relictus and its habitats. The Ordos Larus Relictus Nature Reserve Wetland lies in a closed catchment, with a total area of 744.6 km2, which is called the Bojianghaizi Basin. Groundwater is one of the important water sources of the wetland. In this study, we analyzed basic conditions of hydrogeology of the Bojianghaizi Basin, such as the distributions of lithology, geological structures, water abundance characteristics, boundary conditions, characteristics of groundwater flow, dynamics of groundwater level, chemical characteristics of groundwater, and sinks and sources of groundwater. The water budget of the whole groundwater system was also calculated. It is shown that the loose porous aquifer and the clastic porous-fractured aquifer are the main aquifers in the Bojianghaizi Basin. The groundwater in the loose porous aquifers is strictly controlled by the terrain of the closed basin, and it flows from areas with high elevation to the low-lying in the centre of the closed basin, and drainages into the lake with the lateral runoff. The groundwater in the clastic porous-fractured aquifers is mainly controlled by regional terrain and hydrology, and it flows into the Bojianghaizi Basin from the southeast, and flows out from the northwest. Precipitation and lateral runoff recharge are the major recharge sources of groundwater in the closed basin, accounting for 85% of the total recharge. Phreatic water evaporation and artificial extraction are the main drainage of the groundwater in the closed basin, accounting for 89% of the total drainage. From 1996 to 2005, the total recharge of the groundwater in the Bojianghaizi Basin was about 63.589 × 10^6m^3/a, and the total drainage of the groundwater in Bojianghaizi Basin was about 74.182 × 10^6m^3/a
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第6期1089-1098,共10页
Resources Science
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973项目):"华北平原地下水演变机制与调控"(编号:2010CB428805)
