摘要
在渣油热反应体系中，第二液 相的形成特性与渣油的化 学组成、物理结构和化学 结构有关。物理第二液相的形成特性决定于渣油胶体构造的稳定性和渣油体系的稀释效应系数，渣油体系的胶体稳定性越高或稀释效应系数越小，物理第二液 相越不容易形成。在化学物理第二液 相的形成过程中，由原生沥青质的杂原子因素和脂肪性侧链因素共同决定的化学作用的影响是第一位的，其中杂原子因素的影响更显著，而由渣油体系不稳定性和稀释效应构成的物理作用的影响则居于次要地位。化学第二液相的形成取决于原生胶质和原生沥青质组分的杂原子因素和脂肪侧链因素的联合作用，但脂肪性侧链因素的贡献比杂原子因素的贡献大得多，杂原子因素的贡献已经微不足道。
In the thermal reaction systems of vacuum residua, the inception of the second liquid phases depends highly on the compositions, colloidal structures and chemical structures of vacuum residua. The formation of the physical second liquid phase is relevant to the colloidal stability of vacuum residua and their dilution effect coefficients. The more stable the colloidal vacuum residua is, or the smaller their dilution effect coefficients are, the more difficult the inception of the physical liquid phase is. For the borth of the chemi-phsical second liquid phase, the chemical effect from both the heteroatomics and the aliphatic side-chains of the proto-asphaltenes takes overwhelming priority over the physical effect from the colloidal structures of vacuum resiuda and their dilution effect coefficients. The effect of the heteroatomics to the initialization of the chemi-physical second liquid phase is rather higher. The chemical second liquid phase mainly depends on co-contributions of the heteroatomics and the aliphatic side-chains of both the proto-resins and the proto-asphaltenes, but influences from the aliphatic side-chains are much higher than the infeuence from the heteroatomics.
出处
《石油化工高等学校学报》
CAS
1999年第3期1-5,10,共6页
Journal of Petrochemical Universities
关键词
重油
热裂化
第二液相
生焦
渣油
结构
性质
Heavy oil
Thermal cracking
The second liquid phase
Coke formation
