摘要
在礼物—交换理论中,"互惠"是一个支配性的概念,费孝通提出的"反馈模式"也深受影响。本文基于一个浙江村落的民族志资料,考察了"家户经济"中财富的流通模式,并反思了互惠概念在解释中国社会方面的有效性及其限度。在村落和家户中,互惠行为的确占有相当重要的地位,如工作、交易、人情来往、赌博等。与此同时,在家户经济中,还有一些"不可转让之物",如土地、坟墓、房屋等财产,这些"传家宝"只能向下逐代传递,而不能进入流通的领域。在这一意义上,在研究汉人社会时,运用费孝通的"反馈模式",也应考虑他关于"根"的论述。
In the theory of gift-exchange,the concept of reciprocity has always been adominant word,which has deep influence on Fei Hsiao-t'ung's 'the FeedbackMode'.Based on the fieldwork in Zhejiang Province,this article explores the circu-lating mode of household property,and reflects the efficiency and limitation of theconcept of reciprocity.In the context of household and village,the norm of reciprocity plays an important role,in the forms of work,transaction,give-and-take,andgambling,etc.Meanwhile,there are some'inalienable'properties,that is to say,they are like the heirlooms,such as land,house,and tomb,which can only be inherited and kept by generations.Therefore,in the study of Chinese society,Fei'sconcept of'root(gen)'should be considered juxtaposing complementarily with'theFeedback Mode'.
出处
《社会学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第3期106-135,244-245,共30页
Sociological Studies
基金
2010年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"现代社会与礼物-交换理论研究"的阶段性成果之一
项目批准号10YJA840058
