摘要
目的了解临床常见非发酵革兰阴性杆菌的耐药性,指导临床合理使用抗菌药物。方法对2008-2009年临床分离的铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌进行药敏试验,并用WHONET 5.4软件进行数据分析。结果铜绿假单胞菌、鲍氏不动杆菌、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌的分离率分别为51.1%、35.6%、8.4%;主要来源于痰液,主要分布于神经外科和ICU,分别占22.4%、12.5%;铜绿假单胞菌对阿米卡星、亚胺培南、庆大霉素、头孢他啶、头孢吡肟、环丙沙星的耐药率均<20.0%,鲍氏不动杆菌对亚胺培南的耐药率为3.0%,对其他抗菌药物耐药率>55.0%;嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌对米诺环素、左氧氟沙星、磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶的耐药率<10.0%。结论 3种非发酵革兰阴性杆菌对抗菌药物的耐药率存在差异,临床医师应根据药敏结果选择敏感性抗菌药物进行治疗。
OBJECTIVE To know about the drug resistance of clinically common non-fermentive Gram-negative bacilli and offer theory for rational application of antibacterials.METHODS The isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa（PAE）,Acinetobacter baumannii（ABA） and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia（SMA） from the clinics between 2008 and 2009 were tested for drug sensitivity.The data were analyzed with software WHONET 5.4.RESULTS Non-fermentive Gram-negative bacilli were mainly from the specimen of lower respiratory,accounting for 70.5%,which were mainly distributed in neurosurgery and ICU.The isolation rates of PAE,ABA,and SMA were 51.1%,35.6% and 8.4%,respectively.The drug resistant rates of PAE to amikacin,imipenem,gentamicin,ceftazidime,cefepime,ciprofloxacin were less than 20.0%.The drug resistant rate of ABA imipenem was 3.1%,to other antibiotics resistance rates were more than 55.0%.The drug resistance rates of SMA to minocycline,levofloxacin,sulfamethoxazole were less than 10.0%.CONCLUSION Three kinds of non-fermentive Gram-negative bacilli to antimicrobial drug resistance rates are different and clinicians should be based on the results of susceptibility test of antibiotics for treatment.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第10期2101-2102,共2页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
非发酵革兰阴性杆菌
耐药性
抗菌药物
Non-fermentive Gram-negative bacilli
Drug resistance
Antimicrobial agents
