摘要
长期以来,资源无限、环境无价的观念根深蒂固地存在于人们的思维中,也渗透在社会和经济活动的体制和政策中。随着生态环境破坏的加剧和生态系统服务功能的研究,使人们更为深入地认识到生态环境的价值。而"生态补偿"是促进生态环境保护的一种经济手段,农户参与生态补偿的意愿既受到主观因素和非主观因素的影响,也受到理性和非理性因素的作用,是多因素综合影响的结果,其中内部因素即家庭生计资本。本文以黑河流域中游为例,选取300户随机样本,分析了农户参与生态补偿的意愿与生计资本的关系研究,结果表明:自然资本对农户参与生态补偿的意愿形成呈负面影响作用,人力资本、物质资本、金融资本和社会资本对农户参与生态补偿的意愿形成正面影响作用。这说明,农户在市场经济条件下正在变得越来越理性,他们参与生态补偿的核心在于最大化地获取经济利益,政府要一方面尽可能地降低农户实施生态补偿后的各种风险因素,另一方面,要尽可能地提高农户承担生态补偿风险的能力。
In the past,the idea that the resource is unlimited and the environment is priceless was firmly believed by people and widely accepted in social and economic activities.With the deterioration of the ecological environment and the further research on the ecosystem,however,the value of ecological environment has been increasingly recognized.Ecological compensation is an economic manner to improve the environmental protection.The willingness of the farming households to participate in the ecological compensation has been influenced not only by subjective and non-subjective factors,but by the rational and irrational effects.It depends on the combined effects of multiple factors.The household livelihood capital is the internal effects among them.In this paper,300 farming households in the middle reaches of Heihe River Basin were selected as random samples to analyze the relationship between the willingness of farming households to participate in the ecological compensation and the livelihood capital.The results showed that the natural capital had a negative effect on the willingness of farming households to participate in the ecological compensation,whereas human capital,physical capital,financial capital and social capital had a positive effect on the willingness of farming households to participate in the ecological compensation.Farming households are more rational in the market economy and their goals are to maximize the economic benefits.Therefore,the government should reduce the risk after the implementation of ecological compensation,and improve the ability of farming households bearing the risk from the ecological compensation.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第4期119-125,共7页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
博士后基金项目"可持续生计途径分析-以黑河流域中游为例"(编号:20100470883)
国家自然科学基金项目"黑河流域生态补偿研究"(编号:40971291)
关键词
可持续生计
层次分析法
生计资本
sustainable livelihood
analytical hierarchy process
livelihood capital
