摘要
以分布式模型SWAT为研究工具,在气候、土壤等因素不变的情况下,模拟了三峡库区香溪河流域土地利用格局演变对于非点源污染的影响。研究结果表明,自20世纪80年代至2007年,研究区由土地利用所造成的非点源污染TN总体呈减少趋势,4种土地利用情景下模拟得到的年均非点源污染TN分别为1 841.60、824.86、1 790.33和1 424.55 t。具体表现为流域内非点源污染的变化规律与耕地变化规律相同,而与林地正好相反。例如在土地利用变化从情景1(1980年)变化到情景2(1995年)时,耕地减少了5.61%,相应的林地增加了5.70%,则非点源污染的产生减少了55.21%。而且从空间分布来看,非点源污染负荷高的地区多集中在河流两侧等耕地密集的区域。因此,优化土地利用结构,加强坡耕地农业种植管理能够有效减少非点源污染,从而改善流域水环境。
The non-point source pollution（NPS） loads of different land use scenarios were simulated with the SWAT model to determine the relationship between land use and NPS in the paper.The results showed that the NPS loads of four land use scenarios decreased on the whole,and the resulted average annual TN loads were 1 841.60 t,824.86 t,1 790.33 t and 1 424.55 t,respectively.The changes in the NPS loads agreed well with that of the cultivated land area on the watershed,but contrary to changes of the forest area.For example,in the process of the changes in land uses from the scenario 1（1980 a） to scenario 2（1995 a）,the cultivated land rate decreased by 5.61% and the forest cover rate increased by 5.70%,but the NPS loads decreased by 55.21%.From the viewpoint of spatial analysis,the most serious region of unit area NPS pollution was located at the sub-basin along the major rivers where the main landscape is cultivated land.So,it is necessary to optimize land use structure to reduce the NPS pollution.
出处
《环境工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第5期1194-1200,共7页
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering
基金
环保公益性行业科研专项(200709024)
关键词
土地利用
非点源污染
SWAT
情景模拟
land-use
non-point source pollution
SWAT
scenario simulation
