摘要
目的:观察按公式ID(mm)=年龄/4+3.5选择气管导管应用于小儿气管插管时的可行性与安全性。方法:全麻下行择期手术的患儿20例,气管导管的型号依据导管内径ID(mm)=年龄/4+3.5选择。记录困难插管发生例数,术中或术后低氧血症发生率,机械通气相关呼吸参数:吸气压、气道平均压力,脉搏氧饱和度(SpO2)和呼气末二氧化碳分压(EtCO2),术后喉痉挛、喉水肿、喉喘鸣或咳喘的发生率,术后第2天声音嘶哑、咳喘、咳嗽的发生率。结果:20例患儿均顺利插管;机械通气过程中各呼吸参数均在正常范围;拔管后喉痉挛2例,咳喘1例,低氧饱和度5例,给予对症处理后好转;术后第2天无声音嘶哑、咳喘、咳嗽的发生。结论:以公式ID(mm)=年龄/4+3.5选择气管导管行小儿全麻气管插管是可行的,也是安全的。
Objective：To observe the feasibility and safety in intubation of pediatric patients for endotracheal tube choice by the formula of ID（mm）=ages/4＋3.5.Methods：Twenty pediatric patients scheduled for surgery by general anesthesia（GA）were recruited and undergone endotracheal tube selection by the formula of ID（mm）=ages/4 ＋3.5.The clinical data were kept regarding the cases of difficult tracheal intubation,incidences of hypoxemia during and after the surgery,respiratory parameters associated with mechanical ventilation which included pressure on inspiration（PI）,mean pressure on airway,saturation of pulse oxygen（SpO2） and end-tidal CO2（EtCO2）,postoperative complications of laryngismus,laryngeal edema,laryngeal stridor and cough with asthma,and incidences of hoarse voice,cough and cough with asthma at the second day after the surgery.Results：Totally,the 20 patients underwent intubation successfully,and each breathing parameter was within a normal range during the mechanical ventilation.Incidence of laryngospasm from extubation was seen in 2 cases,cough with asthma in 1 and lower SpO2 in 5,but improved after treatment.No occurrence of hoarse voice,cough and cough with asthma at the following day of the operation.Conclusion： It′s feasible and safe to determine the size of endotracheal tubes for children by the formula of ID（mm）=ages/4＋3.5.
出处
《皖南医学院学报》
CAS
2011年第2期155-157,共3页
Journal of Wannan Medical College
关键词
气管内插管
喉痉挛
喉水肿
导管内径
endotracheal tube
laryngospasm
laryngeal edema
intraductal diameter（ID）
