摘要
对黑龙江省森林植物园内引种的翠南报春(Primula sieboldii E.Morren)的花期、花部形态、访问昆虫种类、访问行为及访花频率等进行观察,同时对其花粉活力、柱头可授性、花粉胚珠比(P/O)及繁育系统进行了检测。结果显示:翠南报春是典型的花柱二型植物,在同一居群中同时具有长花柱(Pin型)和短花柱(Thrum型)两种花型;花期在5月份;开花后3d内花粉活力和柱头可授性均较强;杂交指数OCI值为3或4,P/O比值幅度244～361,按照OCI值,其繁育系统属于异交、部分自交亲和、需要传粉者;依据P/O数据,其繁育系统属于兼性异交型。翠南报春的主要访花昆虫有:鳞翅目的绿带翠凤蝶(Papilio maackii M.)、黑纹粉蝶(Pieris melete M.)、草地螟(Loxostege sticticalis L.)、黑边天蛾(Haemorrhagia sp.)、金凤蝶(Papilio machaon L.);双翅目的短腹管蚜蝇(Eristalis arbustorum L.)。天气晴朗时,10:00-15:00昆虫访花频率较高;阴雨天或气温骤降时,访花频率明显降低。
To investigate the pollination characteristics of Primula sieboldii E. Morren,we observed the flowering phenology,flower morphology,the kinds of insects visited Primula sieboldii,the behavior of insects visited Primula sieboldii,the frequency of insects visited Primula sieboldii,and examined the pollen viability,the stigma acceptability,P/O（pollen /ovule rate）and the breeding system of Primula sieboldii,which was introduced to the forest botanical garden of the Heilongjiang Province. The results showed：Primula sieboldii is typically distylous and had two floral morphs within a population：long-styled （Pin）and short-styled（Thrum）morph;The flowering of P. sieboldii take place in May;The pollen viability and the stigma acceptability were both stronger within three days after blossoming;According to Dafni （1992）,if the outcrossing indexes were three or four,the breeding system of Primula sieboldii was outcrossing,partially self-compatible,and demanded for pollinators. But by Cruden（1977）,if the pollen-ovule ratio（P/O）of Primula sieboldii was from 244 to 361,the breeding system of Primula sieboldii was facultative xenogamy. The pollinators for this species include Papilio maackii M.,Pieris melete M.,Loxostege sticticalis L.,Haemorrhagia sp.,Papilio machaon L. of the Lepidoptera and Eristalis arbustorum L. of the Diptera. In the sunny days,the peak visiting frequencies of vistors is from 10：00 to 15：00 and when it was rainy or the temperature sharply declined,the frequency of visitors was lower obviously.
出处
《园艺学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期519-526,共8页
Acta Horticulturae Sinica
关键词
翠南报春
传粉生物学
繁育系统
Primula sieboldii
pollination biology
breeding system
