摘要
河套灌区是中国乃至亚洲最大的一首制自流灌区。目前河套灌区农田灌溉中存在的主要问题是灌溉水源不足,水利工程老化,田间工程标准低,节水灌溉推广缓慢,灌溉水浪费严重等。为了解决这些问题,河套灌区应从工程节水、农业节水、化学节水、管理节水等综合技术方面考虑。工程节水主要从渠道衬砌、激光平地、小畦灌溉等方面着手,同时积极开展节水灌溉,合理利用地下水。农业节水主要是做好种植区划,加强农艺节水,深耕蓄墒与秸秆还田,减少地面蒸发。化学节水是积极推广应用抗旱剂、保水剂和其它化学调控试剂。管理节水主要是加强用水管理,完善管理制度,建立"农民用水者协会"。
Hetao irrigation district is the largest single gravity irrigation district in China and even Asia.At present,the main problems of field irrigation in Hetao irrigation district are lack of water source,irrigation structure aging,low engineering standards,slow promotion of water-saving irrigation techniques,serious waste of irrigation water and others.To solve these problems,Hetao irrigation district should take account of some integrated technologies,such as engineering,agricultural,chemical,and management water saving,etc.Engineering water saving should start from channel lining,laser land leveling,small plot irrigation and others.At the same time,water-saving irrigation should be promoted actively and the groundwater should be use rationally.Agricultural water saving should focus on cultivation planning,agronomic water saving,deep plowing,straw returning,and surface evaporation reduction.Chemical water saving could be active promotion and application of drought-resistant reagents,super absorbent polymers,and other chemical regulation agents.Management water saving could include water management strengthening,system improving,and establishment of water user associations.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第1期149-154,共6页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家“十一五”科技攻关项目“内蒙河套半干旱区粮食作物综合节水技术研究与示范”(2007BAD88B04),“黄土高原水土流失综合治理工程关键支撑技术体系研究”(2006BAD09B07)
关键词
河套灌区
农田灌溉
节水技术
集成模式
Hetao irrigation district
field irrigation
water-saving technology
intergration model
