摘要
新疆南疆地区的农业系统一般是靠灌溉来维持的,以沙井子地区为例,长期的灌溉使得土地的次生盐渍化发生较为严重,成为制约区域农业经济发展的一个因素。传统的洗盐压碱的方法虽然有效,但是耗水量大,且容易使土壤积聚大量盐分,一旦停止洗盐会造成大量土地由于盐分较重而无法恢复植被,易形成沙尘源。本研究用生物防治盐碱化方法进行试验,即选用抗(耐)盐的牧草——高冰草(Agropyron elongatum)和碱茅(Puccinellia tenuiflora)在生荒地和盐碱地上种植,通过植物的耐盐、吸收盐碱和改善土壤结构而达到治理盐碱的目的。试验结果显示在研究区种植牧草,不仅可以降低土壤0～60 cm的含盐量,控制地下水位过快上升,还可增加土地的植被覆盖度,得到一定的牧草产量,可以有效地促进灌溉区盐渍化土地的生态治理过程。
The agricultural production usually relies on the irrigation systems in the southern part of Xinjiang.The long-term irrigation results in the seriously secondary salinization of land in the Shajingzi region,affecting the agricultural economic development.The traditional method of washing alkali and salt is effective,but it consumes a lot of water and easily causes the accumulation of soil salinity.The soil salinity content becomes very high when washing alkali and salt is unavailable,resulting in difficulty to restore vegetation cover,and further becoming the resource of sand storm.In this study,the tolerance salt grasses（Agropyron elongatum and Puccinellia tenuiflora）were selected to control stalinization by absorbing soil salinity and improving the soil structure.The results of this study showed that planting A.elongatum and P.tenuiflora in the saline-alkali land reduced the soil salinity content in 0～60 cm layer,lowered the water table,increased the vegetation cover,and harvested the herbage biomass.This study suggested that planting tolerance salt grasses was an effective way to promote the ecological restoration and reconstruction in the oasis regions.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第11期71-76,共6页
Pratacultural Science
基金
国家"十一五"林业科技支撑计划课题"新疆活化沙丘的固定与绿洲防风固沙体系构建技术研究与试验示范"(2006BAD26B0902)
国家"973"项目"减排林区水土资源可持续利用及生态安全"(2006CB705809-3-1)
关键词
次生盐渍化
牧草改良
植被覆盖度
生态恢复与重建
secondary stalinization
forage improvement
vegetation cover
ecological restoration and reconstruction
