摘要
西方哲学关于真理的主要理论历史最悠久的莫过于符合论与融贯论。现代西方哲学的"语言转向"开始从语言分析的角度探讨"真理"以及何谓"成真"的标准。以经验论为基础的符合论考察命题是否与客观实在相符,而融贯论则强调命题之间的相互推演。本文试图梳理这两大真理观的本体论基础以及它们在发展过程中所面临的困境,并考察现代社会对这两种真理观的延伸与运用,揭示其现实性与实践意义。
Among theories of truth in western philosophy, the correspondence theory and the coherence theory are the two chief traditional doctrines of truth. Ever since the ＂linguistic turn＂ in the field of modem western philosophy, scholars have begun to study and explore ＂truth＂ and the criteria of ＂being true＂ from the perspective of linguistic analysis.The empirical character of the correspondence theory sees truth as a relation between what we say and what we are talking about and the objective world. The basic idea of the coherence theory, however, is that truth consists in a relation of coherence among the members of a set of beliefs. This article aims to first present the ontology of these two theories and objections and difficulties of them. Then the expansion and the application of the two theories in modem society will be discussed so as to reveal their significance in practice.
关键词
语言哲学
真理观
符合论
融贯论
philosophy of language
theories of troth
the correspondence theory
the coherence theory
