摘要
水荷载和自重可作为定值考虑，没有必要按随机变量处理，渗透压力、温度、地震等荷载，确有较大变异性，但问题较复杂，很难确定它们的统计参数。机口取样的混凝土强度试验资料较多，但混凝土的平仓振捣、冷缝、裂缝等因素，对坝体抗力的影响更大，而对于这些因素，可靠度理论是无能为力的。对混凝土坝安全影响最大的是基础内部的软弱结构面，由于埋藏地下，仅靠钻孔和少量探硐资料，很难用可靠度理论进行分析。混凝土坝设计以采用总安全系数为宜，安全系数的取值，主要依靠长期以来国内外实际工程的经验，而不是可靠度理论。
In the design of concrete dams the maximum water pressure and weight of concrete are practically constant, it is not necessary to consider them as random variables. There are some Variations in seepage, temperature and earthquake loads, but the problems are so complicated that it is difficult to determine their statistical parameters. There are large amount of data for the strength of concrete specimens taken from concrete mixing plant which are valuable in appraising the strength of concrete in the dam, but the vibration of concrete, the cold joint and the cracks which frequently appeared in dams have more influence on the global resistance of the dam and they cannot be considered in the theory of reliability. The factor which has the most influeuce on the safety of concrete dam is the plane of weakness embedded in the interior of rock foundation but it is difficult to estimate its influence by the reliability theory. In the design of concrete dams, it is suitable to use the single factor of safety K the value of which is determined primarily from the experience of the existing dams in the world and not by the reliability theory.
出处
《土木工程学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第4期10-15,共6页
China Civil Engineering Journal
关键词
混凝土坝
设计
可靠度理论
总安全系数
工程经验
concrete dam design, reliability theory, single factor of safety, engineering experience.
