摘要
精确农业（Ｐｒｅｃｉｓｉｏｎ Ａｇｒｉｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ）是８０ 年代初期国际农业领域发展起来的一门新技术。它是使用逐块区别管理耕地的方式来确定最经济、最合理的农业投入以获得各方面最高回报的一种管理策略，是农业发展的必然结果。目前虽然世界上已经出现各种各样的用于精确农业的软硬件商品，但此技术仍然处于不断发展和完善阶段。我国对于精确农业的研究尚处于起步阶段，本文着重介绍精确农业的工作原理和涉及的主要技术。
Precision Agriculture is a new technology developed during the beginning of the eighties. As a management strategy, it determines the most economical and reasonable input, gains the greatest return to the producer and the least impact on the environment. It is a necessary outcome of agricultural development. The new technologies in the precision agriculture include the global positioning system (GPS), geographic information system (GIS), variable rate technology (VRT) and yield mapping. A GPS receiver is a locating device that calculates position on earth from radio signals launched by satellites orbiting the earth. A GIS is usually known as software package that can creating maps or graphical images, and has the function of handling, displaying, analyzing and processing data. VRT describes machines that can automatically change their application rates in response to their positions. A yield mapping system can show the variability in yield within a field through measuring and recording the amount of grain being harvested at any point in the field and the position of the harvester. Although we have had some instances of applying the GPS and GIS technology in many fields such as measuring the land and positioning an object, we just now enter the research period of the precision agriculture. Under this circumstance, this paper, from the angle of principles and techniques used in the precision agriculture, gives a detailed review on precision agriculture.
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第5期112-116,共5页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
关键词
农业生产
农业技术
农业资源
精确农业
Agricultural production, Agricultural technology, Agricultural resource
