摘要
对湖南省石门、冷水江、浏阳3个矿区土壤和苎麻体内重金属进行测定和分析。结果表明,石门雄黄矿区As污染严重,伴随Cd、Sb污染和轻微的Pb污染;冷水江锑矿区Sb为主要污染物,伴随Cd、As、Pb污染;浏阳七宝山矿区Cd污染严重,伴随Pb、Zn、Cu污染。15个采样点的苎麻群落生长繁茂,Sb和As在苎麻不同部位间的分布次序为叶片中含量最高,根茎中次之,其余重金属在部位间分布没有规律。所有采样点苎麻地上部的Cd含量比一般植物的Cd含量大2—10倍,As含量大9.9—147.5倍,Sb含量大1.2—338.4倍;Cd富集系数和转移系数最高值为2.07和3;As富集系数和转移系数最高值为1.04和12.42,Sb富集系数和转移系数最高值为1.91和9.04。3个矿区苎麻地上部生物量分别为3.47、14.3、15.7 t/hm2,地上部Cd、Pb、As、Sb、Zn和Cu的累积量分别高达0.11、1.17、0.72、7.97、6.71、1.69 kg/hm2,兼具一定的经济价值和观赏性,适合用作矿区重金属污染土壤的环境治理和修复。
Metal mining and smelting have caused severe heavy metal pollution to the environment and have become a major threat to some local ecosystems in China.The eco-restoration is the first step for the seriously contaminated region.The plant species with high tolerance to heavy metals could be qualified for the eco-restoration.For the less contaminated land,culturing the economic crops is a candidate measure for safely reuse of the land,since economic crop could minimizes the potential hazard of bringing toxic metals into food chains,and with less uptake of contaminants safely utilization of the less contaminated region is the last step,and safely utilization of contaminated land.The application of these methods with the special species is a kind of phytoremediation techquies.The plant species with great biomass,high tolerance to heavy metal,and less uptake of contamninants have been explored as alternatives of phytoremediation in recent years.Ramie（Boehmeria nivea） is a promising plant species for the ecorestoration of mining land because it naturely distributed around many mine region in south China.Ramie has been cultivated for over 5 thousand years by Chinese people and thus also named ＂China grass＂.This species distributes from N19 to N39 in China. The aim of this study is to assess the potential of ramie for the phyto-remediating technique in the heavy metal polluted areas.Heavy metal concentrations in soil and ramie in 3 metal-contaminated sites of Hunan Provice（Shimen,Lengshuijiang and Liuyang） were measured.The results revealed that soil samples from realgar mine area（Shimen） were severely contaminated by As,accompanied with Cd,Sb and mild Pb contamination.Soil samples from antimony mine area（Lengshuijiang） were mainly contaminated by Sb,accompanied with Cd,As and Pb contamination.Soil samples from Qibao mountain area（Liuyang） were severely contaminated by Cd,acompanied with Pb,Zn and Cu contamination.The ramie communities are prosperous in the investigated areas.In these 3 sites,Cd,As
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期874-881,共8页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家863计划重点项目(2007AA061001)
湖南农业大学人才引进科技资助项目(07YT03)
关键词
矿区
重金属
苎麻
植物修复
mining area
heavy metal
ramie
phytoremediation
