摘要
于2009年2月在象山港顶部海域分别对海带、牡蛎和鱼类网箱3种不同养殖区进行了大型底栖动物调查。调查共鉴定大型底栖动物73种,隶属8门12纲53科,以软体动物和环节动物为主。海带养殖区优势种有5种;牡蛎养殖区有4种;网箱养殖区有9种。海带、牡蛎和网箱养殖区大型底栖动物平均栖息密度分别为(132±71)个/m2、(94±91)个/m2和(210±132)个/m2;平均生物量分别为(26.51±11.06)g/m2、(53.03±61.94)g/m2和(108.80±73.56)g/m2。栖息密度和生物量不同养殖区和不同调查站位间差异显著。Tukey多重比较结果显示,栖息密度海带养殖区与牡蛎和网箱养殖区间均无显著差异,而牡蛎与鱼类网箱养殖区间存在显著差异;生物量海带养殖区与牡蛎养殖区间无显著差异,海带养殖区和牡蛎养殖区与网箱养殖区间均显著差异。典范对应分析结果表明,对大型底栖动物群落起主要影响的环境因子有温度、盐度、总氮和总磷等,排序轴对物种-环境关系的贡献率计算结果表明环境变量可以较好的解释主要类群的变化情况。丰度/生物量比较曲线(ABC曲线)分析结果表明,网箱养殖区大型底栖动物群落受较明显扰动,而海带和牡蛎养殖区大型底栖动物群落未受扰动。
Xiangshan Bay,located on the east coast of China,is a semi-enclosed bay with slow rate of water exchange.Pollutants from aquaculture systems that released to the bay are not effectively dispersed to the open sea.The adverse environmental impacts of aquaculture development has now become a matter of urgency to the region.This paper presents the results of a comparative study of macrobenthic communities under three different mariculture areas including sea tangle culture area,oyster-culture area and fish cage-culture area in Xiangshan Bay in February 2009.73 species of macrobenthos were identified,including Polychaeta,Mollusca,Crustacean,Echinodermata and Others.Polychaeta and Crustacean are the major groups of macrobenthos in the investigation areas.The dominant species are Yoldia similis,Grandidierella japonica,Dosinia laminate,Cultellus attenuatus,and Scapharca subcrenata in the sea tangle culture area,Yoldia similis,Eunice indica,Sthenolepis japonica,Amphioplus japonicus in the oyster-culture area,and Amphioplus depressus,Mitrella bella,Nassarius variciferus,Diopatra chilienis,Protankyra bidentata,Amphioplus japonica,Marphysa sanguinea,Sthenolepis japonica,and Scapharca subcrenata in the fish cage-culture area,respectively.The average abundances of macrobenthos in sea tangle culture area,oyster-culture area and fish cage-culture area were（132±71） ind/m2、（94±91） ind/m2 and（210±132） ind/m2,respectively.And the average biomass of macrobenthos in sea tangle culture area,oyster-culture area and fish cage-culture area were（26.51±11.06） g/m2、（53.03±61.94） g/m2 and（108.80±73.56） g/m2,respectively.The abundance and biomass of macrobenthos have significantly differences among the different mariculture areas and sampling stations.The abundance of macrobenthos in the sea tangle culture area did not differ from those in the oyster-culture area and the fish cage-culture area,but there was significant difference between the oyster-culture area and the fish cage-culture area.The biomass of mac
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第3期646-653,共8页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家重点基础研究发展规划(国家973计划)(2010CB428903)
海洋公益性行业科研专项(200805069,200905011)
我国近海海洋综合调查与评价专项(ZJ908-02-02,ZJ908-04-02)
国家海洋局第二海洋研究所基本科研业务费专项资助(JG200815,JG200920)
关键词
海水养殖
大型底栖动物
群落
象山港
mariculture
macrobenthos
community structure
Xiangshan Bay
