摘要
目的探索呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)的传播途径,制定出切实可行切断传播途径的措施,并评价该措施的效果。方法收集医院新生儿科2007年1-12月RSV病例92例,对所有与其接触前和接触后物品的物体表面采用逆转录PCR方法进行病原学检测,以寻找RSV的传播途径,根据结果重新制定消毒隔离措施,并应用于2008年,比较2007、2008年RSV患儿医院感染情况以评价措施的有效性。结果 61.8%的工作人员接触患儿后手上检出RSV,38.5%的RSV患儿使用后的布类物品上发现RSV,60.9%的工作人员帽子上发现RSV,38.9%的患儿粪内检测出RSV,40.4%的患儿尿内检测出RSV;严格的消毒隔离措施制定后应用于2008年,与2007年的病例进行比较,RSV医院感染率明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);RSV的流行季节为冬春季节,但其他月份存在散在病例。结论 RSV可通过呼吸道以及接触传播,病毒存在于所有与患儿接触过的物品上,故应做好严格的消毒隔离措施,有效的控制可以大大降低RSV的医院内传播。
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of the approaches to interrupt the transmission route of respiratory syncytial virus（RSV） nosocomial infection. METHODS Ninety-two RSV patients were collected from Neonatal department in 2007. The pathogens of all RSV patients contacted were detected by reverse translation polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） method to find out the transmission route of RSV. Disinfection and isolation process were improved and were applied in 2008. Compare RSV nosocomial infection conditions between 2007 and 2008. And evaluate the effectiveness of the disinfection and isoIation process. RESULTS All the specimens were detected by RT-PCR method. A total of 262 hands were detected before and after contacting with RSV patients and found 162 hands contaminated by RSV,with a positive rate of 61.8% ,and 109 linen were detected before and after contacting with RSV patients and found 42 of them contaminated by RSV,with a positive rate of 38.5 %, 133 caps were detected and 81 of them were contaminated, with a positive rate of 60.9 %. Of 92 patients, 36 patients＇stool were detected with RSV and 52 patientsr urine with RSV,.with positive rate of 38. 9% and 40. 4%. After the application of the improved disinfection and isolation procedure , the rate of RSV nosocomial infection decreased obviously in 2008 compared with 2007 （P〈0.05）. RSV was prevalent both in winter and spring in our unit, but there is sporadic cases in other seasons. CONCLUSION The major transmission routes of RSV nosocomial infection are closely related to the contact infection and respiratory tract infection. To strenthen the disinfection and isolation measures can effectively decrease the RSV nosocomial infection.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第4期682-684,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
呼吸道合胞病毒
新生儿
医院感染
Respiratory syncytial virus
Neonate
Nosocomial infection
