摘要
以自育的抗拿捕净谷子新品种冀谷25抗系528-4及其不抗拿捕净同型姊妹系528-5为试验材料。通过测定简化栽培谷子—冀谷25化学处理、撮留苗及正常管理的全生育过程中的各器官的干物质、产量和除草效果,揭示简化栽培不仅能够化学间苗、化学除草,而且有一定增产作用的生理机制。试验结果表明:简化栽培除草效果可达到95%,同时比对照增产8.73%。其增产的生理机制在于:简化栽培处理提早间苗、除草,减少了杂草和多余谷苗的养分和空间竞争,起到了壮苗的作用;简化栽培的生物产量在拔节至抽穗、开花和灌浆至成熟两个关键阶段积累量高于对照,且增长快;简化栽培处理从苗期到拔节根系发育较好,为营养生长和生殖生长的较好发育奠定了良好基础。进入抽穗开花期后,茎秆生长达到峰值,停止伸长,其后下降较快,说明进入生殖生长期后简化栽培的处理物质转化比对照和撮留苗的处理多、快。简化栽培的叶面积在抽穗开花期达到最大后有一个较长的稳定期来进行高光效的光合作用,光合产物转入籽粒较多。在籽粒形成的高峰期灌浆至腊熟期,干物质积累量大,积累速度快,因此穗结实率较高。
The Sethoxydim Resistant varity 528-4 and inresistant varity 528-5 of Jigu 25 were used for material of the experiment,these varieties were all selected and bred by institute of millet crops,Hebei academy of agricultural and forestry science.All organs dry matter accumulation in the course of bearing and yield and weeding control（effect of Jigu 25 by chemical treated and summarized seedling and normal managed were determined and analysised to reveal the physiological mechanism that simplify cultivaled Jigu 25 could not only chemical thin and chemical weed,but also increase yield certainly.The results showed that：The weeding effect of simplify cultivaled Jigu 25 was up to 95%,and yield was increased by 8.73% compared to CK.The physiological mechanism of its output was showed：①simplify cultivation treatment early thinned and weeded,reduced weeds and excess millet seedling in competite nutrients and space,played a role to strong seedlings.②Biomass of simplify cultivation treatment was higher in two key accumulation stages of the jointing to heading,flowering and grain filling to maturity,and growth faster.③Root of simplify cultivation treatment developed better from seedling to jointing than others,it has laid a good foundation for development of vegetative growth and reproductive growth better.After into heading and flowering stage,stem growth peak,stop elongation,then decreased rapidly,indicated that after accessed to reproductive stage,matter of simplified cultivation treatment transformated more and more quickly compared with summarized seedling and normal managed treatment.After the leaf area of simplify cultivation treatment reached the maximum in the flowering period,there was a long period of stability to the high luminous efficiency of photosynthesis,photosynthate into grain more.In the peak period of grain filling to form a dough stage,volume of dry matter accumulation bigger,the speed of accumulation higher,therefore the rate of seed higher.
出处
《华北农学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第B12期79-83,共5页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica
基金
国家谷子产业技术体系
关键词
简化栽培
谷子
化学间苗
化学除草
干物质积累动态
产量
Simplified methods of cultivation
Millet
Chemical thinning
Chemical weeding
Dynamic of relative dry matter accumulation
Yield
