摘要
目的了解长沙市人群甲型H1N1流感病毒感染状况和免疫水平。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,从长沙五个城区选取1 500人进行问卷调查,并采集血液标本进行甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝抗体检测。结果调查人群中共有559人甲型H1N1流感抗体呈阳性,阳性率37.27%;经标化后,估计长沙市城区人群抗体阳性率为30.47%。按年龄组分,6-15岁（55.97%）和16-24岁（50.51%）组抗体阳性率较高;按职业分,学生（56.35%）和医务人员（57.14%）抗体阳性率较高。已接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗的人群抗体阳性率（77.08%）明显高于未接种组（27.81%）。长沙市普通人群甲型H1N1流感的感染率27.81%,隐性感染者比例为41.54%。2009年5月-2010年1月流感样病例的抗体阳性率（36.04%）较非流感样病例（26.21%）高;2007-2010年1月接种过季节性流感疫苗人群的抗体阳性率（40.00%）高于未接种组（26.88%）。结论长沙市人群尚未建立应对甲型H1N1流感有效的免疫屏障,仍需加强防控;接种甲型H1N1流感疫苗是获得保护性抗体最有效的途径。
Objective To investigate the infection status of influenza A（H1N1） and the immunity level in Changsha. Methods By multistage random sampling method,1,500 individuals from 5 administrative districts of Changsha were selected.All the collected data from questionnaires was analyzed by seroepidemiological methods.And the antibodies of influenza A（H1N1） viruses were detected by the hemagglutination-inhibition test. Results Among the 1,500 individuals,the antibody against influenza A（H1N1） of 559 subjects showed positive,the seroprevalence was 37.27%.And the standardized seroprevalence against influenza A（H1N1） were estimated to be 30.47%.The seroprevalences varied with age and occupation.The groups aged 6～15 years（55.97%） and 16～24 years（50.51%） had the higher seroprevalences than other groups.The students（56.35%） and medical staff（57.14%） had the higher seroprevalences than other groups.The seroprevalence of the subjects who had been vaccinated with the influenza A（H1N1） vaccines（77.08%） was significantly higher than that of unvaccinated ones（27.81%）.The infection rate of influenza A（H1N1） was 27.81%, the proportion of covert infection was 41.54%.From May,2009 to January,2010, the seroprevalence of the subjects who had influenza-like symptoms（36.04%） was higher than those who had non-influenza-like symptoms（26.21%）.The seroprevalence of the subjects who had been vaccinated with the seasonal influenza vaccines（40.00%） since 2007 was higher than that of those who had not been vaccinated（26.88%）. Conclusions The effective immune barrier responded to influenza A（H1N1） has not been established in the population of Changsha.So we need to strengthen the prevention and control of influenza A（H1N1）.Vaccination is the most effective way to obtain protective antibodies of influenza A（H1N1）.
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2010年第12期2405-2407,共3页
Practical Preventive Medicine
