摘要
1905年日俄战争之后,日本在"南满"控制区域内的铁路、港口中心城市大力推进公共卫生事业,与此同时,中国官府也积极创办当地公共卫生事业,双方就公共卫生事业领导权展开激烈的竞争和较量,并在一定程度上改善了某些特定区域的卫生环境。然而,由于这是一种扩张/反抗的展开模式,在疾病治疗和预防疾病之外被赋予了更多的政治考量,致使城市贫民区与乡村的医疗卫生条件并未得到重点关注和大量投入,很长一段时间内该地区仍然疾病丛生,恶性传染病蔓延。在这个意义上,日本推进的公共卫生事务自然有其殖民主义扩张、帝国主义统治处心积虑、老谋深算的一面,中国官府和社会的"自强卫生"、"救国医学"则或可被视为一种不得已的推进方式。
After the Russo-Japanese War of 1905,Japan ambitiously promoted public health services in the major cities along the railway and in ports in South Manchuria.At the same time,local Chinese authorities also actively established public health facilities.The two sides competed fiercely over leadership in public health services,and to some extent their endeavors improved the sanitary conditions in certain areas.However,since this was an expansion/resistance development model,additional political considerations were put into it beyond the treatment and prevention of disease,and the result was that the medical and sanitary conditions in urban slum areas and rural areas did not get significant attention or considerable investment.For a long time,many infectious diseases continued prevail in those areas.In this sense,the public health services promoted by Japan were naturally planned with an eye to colonial expansion and imperialist governance,while the 'self-strengthening public health' and 'patriotic medicine' carried out by local Chinese governments and local society can perhaps be regarded as efforts pursued under duress.
出处
《近代史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第1期31-46,160,共16页
Modern Chinese History Studies
