摘要
自开元十一年(723年),唐代行政运行体制由三省制转变为中书门下体制,固定的宰相机构中书门下成立,宰相职能日益政务官化。至贞元、元和年间,中书门下取代尚书省成为国家常务的主要裁处者。宰相职能的转变,导致唐人心目中宰相观念的变化。三省制下,宰相的决策职能不被强调,突出的是任相者本职事官的形象。中书门下体制下,为了避免宰相权力过度膨胀,宰相反而被描绘成为"论道之官",而非政务裁决者。但是,作为"论道之官"的"无所不统",不再是一句空话,而是宰相行政权力无孔不入的真实写照。唐代后期,宰相扮演了被咨询者、亲躬细务者和任使者多重角色。唐人宰相观念的变化,正是宰相职能在唐代官制演变过程中政务官化的结果。
From Kaiyuan 11, the administrative moving system changed from the Sansheng System to the Zhongshu Menxia System. The permanent prime ministers＇ organization was established, the function of prime ministers began turning to the function of administrative officials. To Zhenyuan and Yuanhe, Zhongshu Menxia replaced Shangshu to become the main body of handling the state affairs. The change of prime ministers＇ function led to the change of Tang Dynasty＇ s idea about prime ministers. In the Sansheng System, prime minister＇ s function of making policy was not be emphasized, while the administive fucntion was emphasized. In the Zhongshu Menxia System, to avoid prime ministers＇ powers expanding excessively, they were described as the officials that gave suggestions and didn＇t handle the many state affairs. But in fact, prime ministers had the the higytest administrative power. During the late Tang Dynasty, prime ministers gave suggestions, handled political affairs and served as emissaries. The change of Tang Dynasty＇ s idea about prime ministers was the result of the turning of prime ministers＇ function in the process of the turning of the Tang Dynasty＇ s administrative moving system.
出处
《北方论丛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第1期66-69,共4页
The Northern Forum
关键词
宰相
宰相观念
政务官化
prime ministers of Tang Dynasty
the idea of prime ministers
Prime Ministers with Administive Fucntion
