摘要
腹水是肝硬化最常见的并发症,并与发生感染、稀释性低钠血症、肾功能衰竭和病死率增加密切相关。无并发症的少量腹水患者早期处理原则是,休息加上低钠饮食。中等量腹水患者,一般选择低剂量利尿剂就能达到利尿效果。大量腹水患者,可大量放腹水+静点白蛋白(8g/每放腹水1000ml)。顽固性腹水患者,可用重复多次大量放腹水+血浆扩容治疗或用经颈静脉肝内门体分流术(TIPS)治疗。新药(如V2受拮抗剂和血管收缩剂等)对肝硬化腹水的治疗可能带来希望。
Ascites is the most common complication in cirrhosis,and is closely related to the increased mortality due to infection,diluted hyponatremia and renal failure.Rest and sodium restriction are the components of the managements of uncomplicated mild ascites.Low dose diuretics are effective in patients with moderate ascites.Furthermore,the large-volume paracentesis（LVP） with albumin administration（8 g/L of ascites removed） are the treatment of choice for the management of patients with large ascites.As to the refractory ascites,methods for treatment include repeated LVP with plasma expander or transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt（TIPS）.New medicines such as vasoconstrictors and V2-receptors of vasopressin maybe beneficial in patients with ascites in liver cirrhosis.
出处
《临床肝胆病杂志》
CAS
2010年第6期663-665,共3页
Journal of Clinical Hepatology
关键词
肝硬化
腹水
liver cirrhosis
ascites
