摘要
泥炭的形成和发展，直接受地表水热条件控制，后者又取决于形成时期的气候、地质。地貌及水文地质条件。文中据大量调查资料，叙述中国6个区的泥炭分布，扼要分析若干类型泥炭分布特征。在受河流活动控制并有泥炭形成的地区，泥炭沼泽分布呈现干流区少、支流区多，下游区少、上游区多的特点；在巨型构造湖盆区，泥炭沼泽可充分发展，形成泥炭层厚、空间展布广的巨型矿床；火山口湖盆型、堰塞湖盆型泥炭沼泽环境稳定，历经长期发育，可形成厚达9．0～9．5m的矿床；平原区湖盆型、河漫滩型泥炭，形成时受洪水事件影响，产出多层、较薄的泥炭。80年代本原地质矿产部通过对中国30个地质矿产局调查报告（未含台湾省）系统分析研究，获全国泥炭资源量46．87亿t（千重）。文中据国际泥炭学会（IPS）规定，按含水40％容重核算，1998年获资源量124．96亿t，证实中国泥炭资源分布的不平衡性，质量属中等，与泥炭资源丰富的国家相比，中国泥炭资源是较丰富的。
The generation and development of peat are controlled directly by hydrothermal condition on the Earth's surface, which in ttirn depends upon the clirnatic, geologic, geomrphologicand hydrogtheic conditions during the formatdri period of peat. Based on the abundant surveying data, this paper describes the peat distributdri in the six regions of China and analyzesbrtefly the distribution characteristics of sevral types of peat. For areas controlled by fluvial activity with peat formation, the distribution of Peat bog is charaterized by being fewer in trunkstrearn areas, more in tributary areas, fewer in lower reaches and more in upper reaches; forthose areas of giant-scale tectonic lake basins there rnay fully develop the peat the and form thegiant-scale deposits with thick-boded and widespread peat; the peat bogs of crater lake basintype and dammed lake basin type had experienced a long-term developmnt in a stable environment, where the formation of deopits rnay be up to 9. 0-9. 5 m thick; the floodplain twr peatin plain areas, being affected by fldri events during its formatdri period, is characterized by numerous beds of rather srnall thickness. The systernatic analysis and study rnade by the Ministryof thelogy and Mineral Roources by the end of 1980s on the surveying reports of China's 30bureaus of geology and Anneral meurces hav yielded an amount of peat meurce of the wholecountry (not including Taiwan Province) of 4. 687 billion ton (dry weight) which was converted in 1998 after the stipulation of Intemational Peat atiety(IPS), in voumetric weight withwater content 40 %, into an amount of rmurces of 12. 496 billion ton. This shows the disequilibriurn of the enrce distribution and the mederate quality of China's peat. In comparison tocountries rich in peat areces, China belongs to thsoe with comaratively rich peat meurces.
出处
《地学前缘》
EI
CAS
CSCD
1999年第B05期116-124,共9页
Earth Science Frontiers
