摘要
目的探讨医务人员职业暴露发生情况及危险因素,为医务人员采取预防措施提供依据。方法根据2006年1月-2009年1月110名医务人员填报的医务人员职业暴露登记表,分析职业暴露发生的详细情况及危险因素。结果暴露发生率从高到低依次为护士60名,占54.5%,医师45名,占41.0%,检验师5名,占4.5%;主要以锐器伤为主占86.4%,暴露源中患有血源性传播病的85例,无血源性传播疾病20例,暴露源不明5例;暴露地点依次为:手术室40名,急诊15名,产房15名,其他科室共40名;暴露发生的主要环节:手术中40名,处理废弃物31名,双手回套针帽10名,各种穿刺9名,拔出针头6名,将针插入瓶塞中6名,抽血3名,换药中5名;暂未发现因职业暴露而感染血源性传播性疾病。结论加强医务人员培训,提高职业安全意识,认真执行标准预防,规范各项操作流程,关注高发科室和高发人群的风险管理,建立完整的报告系统,对减少医务人员职业性感染具有积极意义。
OBJECTIVE To study the condition and risk factors of professional exposure among medical staff,and provide evidence for preventive strategies.METHODS Particular circumstances and risk factors were analyzed according to registration form filled by 110 cases medical staff from Jan 2006 to Jan 2009.RESULTS The general incidence of profession exposure was 54.5%,41.0%,and 4.5% for nurses,medical doctors,and laboratorians,respectively,and the most were injuries from sharp instruments.In the sources of exposure,85 cases had hematogenic transmission disease,and 20 cases were without it,and 5 cases had no definite sources of exposure.Forty cases were exposed in operating room,15 cases were in emergency room,15 cases were in delivery room,and 40 cases were in the other divisions.The reasons leading to exposure were operation（40 cases）,disposal of medical waste（31 cases）,recovering of needle caps（10 cases）,punctures（9 cases）,pulling needle（6 cases）,inserting into corks（6 cases）,drawing blood（3 cases）,and changing medicine（5 cases）.All of the exposure case had been properly treated.None of the investigated cases had been found infected with blood derived transmitted disease caused by professional exposure.CONCLUSIONS It is crucial to intensify the training of medical staff,improve vocational safety consciousness,execute criteria prevention,pay attention to the risk management of high incidence departments,and establish sound reporting system to reduce professional infection among medical staff.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第24期3974-3976,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
医务人员
职业暴露
锐器伤
预防措施
Medical staff
Professional exposure
Injuries from sharp instruments
Preventive strategy
