摘要
在西北内陆干旱区的石羊河流域采用静水法进行了复杂层状土情况下混凝土衬砌、卵石衬砌、渠床压实处理及黏土衬砌和渠床压实处理4种渠道的渗漏试验,并实时监测了入渗影响下周边土壤含水率的变化。渠道渗漏过程和土壤水分的动态响应数据均表明,该试验条件下渠床压实处理渠道和渠床压实处理及黏土衬砌渠道渗漏强度均小于混凝土和卵石衬砌渠道渗漏强度。其中,渠床压实处理及黏土衬砌渠道渗漏量最小,渠床压实处理渠道渗漏量次之,随着时间的推移,混凝土衬砌渠道渗漏量要稍大于卵石衬砌渠道。结合对各渠段进行的土壤机械组成和饱和导水率的分层测试结果以及双环入渗试验结果,得到以下结论:在该地区,当渠床附近土壤呈压实和弱透水特性时,会显著降低渠道渗漏强度,而其他防渗措施(如混凝土、卵石衬砌)产生的影响次之。
Ponding test of canal seepage for four different anti-seepage meansures, including concrete lining, pebble lining, clay lining plus compacted canal bed and compacted canal bed only, were carried out. The canals are located in multi-layered soils. The seepage rates were monitored during stable and dropping water level stages. The soil water content near the canal bed was also measured. The process of canal seepage and the response of soil water dynamics show that canal lined by clay plus compacted canal bed has the least seepage rate, followed by treatment with compacted canal bed only, then treatments with pebble and concrete lining. According to the measurement of soil texture and saturated hydraulic conductivity, and the double-ring infiltration test, it was concluded that the dominate factor influencing canal seepage in this region is the characteristics of the soil immediately under the canal bed, which shows in the form of compaction/clay lining. Then, followed by the other anti-seepage treatments, e.g.,concrete lining and pebble lining forms.
出处
《水利学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第11期1360-1366,共7页
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
基金
水利部公益基金项目(200801104)
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD11B08)
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-07-0814)
国家自然科学基金项目(50979105)
关键词
渠道渗漏
静水法入渗试验
不同防渗措施
渠床压实
土壤含水率
canal seepage
ponding test
different anti-seepage measures
compacted canal bed
soil moisture content
