摘要
目的建立犬嫁接性梭形动脉瘤模型,高频超声(high-frequency ultrasound,HFUS)观察模型的长期可靠性,光镜与透射电镜(TEM)评价模型的病理学特征。方法 10只犬采用全麻和显微外科的方法,将双侧的颈外静脉剥离外膜后,取1.5cm嫁接同侧颈总动脉制作梭形动脉瘤模型20枚;术后第2、4、12周分别进行HFUS检测血管参数;术后6、12、24周分别选择2只犬的4枚动脉瘤模型解剖后进行病理学观察;其余4只犬继续观察至24个月。结果 10只犬全部存活,术后经HFUS观察:共收获大小相似的梭形动脉瘤模型20枚(成模率达100%),瘤腔内为涡流,术后12周模型膨胀性增大,并具有自发破裂的趋势;HFUS可清晰地显示动脉瘤壁的内膜增厚、增生斑块和钙化;模型的病理学观察显示:在血流动力学作用下,6、12周,瘤壁以损伤、应激增生为主;24周瘤壁以适应性重塑为主。术后12个月发现1枚动脉瘤自发破裂并闭塞,病理学显示瘤壁多层次出血、内膜崩裂、远端吻合口斑块钙化、脱落,瘤腔内多层次血栓闭塞。长达24个月的观察表明:破裂梭形动脉瘤模型的血流动力学作用机制和病理学特征,与人体真正的颅内动脉瘤生理特性相符合。结论犬嫁接性梭形动脉瘤模型制作简便、可重复性强、稳定可靠。
Objective To establish a fusiform carotid aneurysm model in canine, investigate its long-term reliability with high-frequency ultrasonography （HFUS）, and evaluate its pathological features with light and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Methods Ten canines were performed with microsurgical operation after general anesthesia. The fusiform carotid aneurysms model were constructed by bilaterally cutting off a segment of 1.5 cm external jugular vein with peel off tunica adventitia of vein and then the segment was anastomosed in end-to-end with carotid artery. HFUS was carried out in 2, 4 and 12 weeks and pathological features were evaluated in 6, 12 and 24 weeks （4 aneurysms of 2 canines for each time point） after surgical procedure. Meanwhile, the left 4 canines continue to observe until 24 months. Results All 10 dogs succeeded to survive and 20 fusiform carotid aneurysms were obtained successfully with a success ratio of 100%. HFUS clearly demonstrated that the eddy was observed in the cavity of fusiform aneurysm and the aneurysm, with intimal-thickening, atheroma plaque formation and calcification on the inner wall, grew in an expansile way and and had a tendency of spontaneous rupture in 12 weeks after operation. Statistical analysis showed these changes at different time points had significant difference （P0.05）. Histopathologic study showed that the wall of aneurysms were mainly injured with stress hyperplasia at 6 and 12 weeks and then with adaptability remodeling at 24 weeks after the procedure under the effects of hemodynamics. But there was 1 case spontaneous ruptured and occluded at 12 months following surgery. Histopathological examination showed that hemorrhage in the aneurysmal wall, calcified fat plaques suddenly breaking away from the intima of distal stoma vessel wall, and aneurysmal cavity had be stuffed which leading to luminal occlusion and thrombosis. Observation in 24 months confirmed that the mechanism of hemodynamics and the pathological features of ruptured aneurysm wer
出处
《第三军医大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第22期2389-2393,共5页
Journal of Third Military Medical University
基金
福建省科技厅资助项目(2008F3027)~~
关键词
犬
动脉瘤模型
高频超声
超微结构
组织病理学
canine
aneurysmal model
high-frequency ultrasonography
ultrastructure
histopathology
