摘要
垃圾问题以往被认为是枝节问题、技术问题、管理问题,一直没有得到足够的重视。文章从热力学定律出发对垃圾问题进行分析,一个人,一个社区,一个城市,都可以看做是类似热机的物理系统。这种有序的具有某种功能的物理系统持续运行的前提是,从外界输入低熵状态的能量和物质,并向外界输出高熵状态的能量和物质。后者就是这个物理系统的垃圾。根据热力学第二定律,垃圾是系统必然的产物。因而在工业文明的社会结构下,在地球有限的约束下,技术进步不能解决垃圾问题,反而会使垃圾问题更加严重。垃圾问题将会超过能源问题,成为未来人类社会最严重的问题。人类解决垃圾问题的唯一出路在于,走出工业文明,寻找一个新的文明模式——生态文明。
Garbage problems were often considered as technical or management problems and did not receive much consideration. In the perspective of thermodynamical laws and regarding an individual,a community or a city as a physical system like a thermomotor,the paper discusses garbage problems. The operation precondition of this stable physical system is the input of energy and material in a low entropy state from the outside and the output of energy and material in a high entropy state. The latter is the garbage of this system. According to the second law of thermodynamics,garbage is the inevitable product of a system. In the society of industrial civilization and the unsuccessful restraints of the earth,technical progress can not solve garbage problems. Garbage problems which may become number one problem in human society will become more serious than energy problems. The only solution to garbage problems relies on the construction of a new model,that is,ecological civilization.
出处
《云南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2010年第6期45-55,共11页
Journal of Yunnan Normal University：Humanities and Social Sciences Edition
关键词
垃圾
热力学第二定律
工业文明
生态文明
garbage
second law of thermodynamics
industrial civilization
ecological civilization
